26 CAUSES, SYMPTOMS AND TREATMENT OF 



ness, give the horse a gallop. The symptoms may be relieved by certain 

 modes of feeding : say do not give any food or water for some time. If 

 you suspect such a thing, give the animal a pail of water or feed of hay, 

 and then gallop. A large dose cf sedative medicine will allay tha symp- 

 toms. It can be mechanically relieved by giving solid lead. 



Treatment. — If a confirmed case, it is incurable, but it may be palliated 

 by regular feeding, and never allowing the animal to overload the 

 stomach. Give the very best of food — chopped food is the best ; or you 

 may give certain remedies. Give sedatives, camphor, opium and digitalis 

 (about one drachm each), given every day for three or four days ; iodide 

 of potassium, arsenic or iron. You may give a dose of purgative medicine 

 to relieve quickly. It is generally a dietetic disease. Nux vomica is an 

 excellent remedy. In the earlier stages you may effect a cure, but if it 

 is confirmed there is no cure for it. 



Recapitulation. — A poor feeder very seldom has the heaves. Kace 

 horses seldom have the heaves, for they are properly fed. A foj'eign 

 body more frequently passes into the right side than into the left. If 

 broken wind comes from catarrh, use stimulants ; if acute, use sedatives. 

 The pathology of broken wind differs to some extent ; there may be a 

 corrugated condition of the mucous membrane of the bronchial tubes. 

 It is a sequel of bronchitis or severe strangles ; there is a peculiar move- 

 ment in the act of expiration. If you are called to treat a case, use the 

 remedies given, or if it is a recent case you may blister along the lower 

 part of the trachea. 



Pleurodynia. — This is not very common, but is sometimes met with. 

 It is a rheumatic condition of the muscles of the thoracic walls. It is 

 quite possible that the nerves are affected, but it is generally a rheumatic 

 affection. 



Ca«5^s.— Exposure; especially when recovering from other diseases, 

 more especially pleurisy. 



Symptoms — Great pain and difficult breathing ; shows symptoms the 

 same as in pleurisy, but pressure upon the intercostal spaces produces 

 more pain than in pleurisy ; the circulation but very little affected ; there 

 is no grating sound, as in pleurisy. 



Treatment. — It varies according to circumstances. If in a warm place, 

 use cloths rung out of hot water; stimulate the sides with liniment 

 (camphor, opium and ai'nica, equal parts, well rubbed into the sides), 

 and then cover the animal up ; or, you may find benefit from an opiate 

 For the after treatment, use colchicum and iodide of potassium, and if 

 the bowels are costive give injections. Use tonics. 



Lesions of the Diaphragm. — The diaphragm is affected in many 

 ways, and oftener, perhaps, than we are aware. 



Spasms of the Diaphragm. — All muscles are subject to spasms. 

 This is serious while it lasts, and may produce death very qnickly, for 

 air cannot be taken in in sufficient amount to supply the lungs. 



Causes.— li is the result of severe exertion when the animal is not in 

 condition to undergo exertion. I have never seen a case where the ani- 

 mal was kept in the stable It is called thumps. The girth of the saddle 

 being too tight may produce it. It may come upon a horse in good con- 

 dition, but it is more likely to attack one in poor condition. Eating too 

 much before being put to violent exertion. It comes very easily, 

 especially if the animal is just recovering from some other disease. 



Symptoms. — It gives rise to a thumping, or you might think it was 

 palpitation of the heart, but examine closely and you will find that the 

 heart is not much affected ; the sound is further back ; the symptoms 

 are very violent ; the animal sweats freely ; there is a peculiar noise and 

 motion, as if some one were within striking with a hammer. 



