DISEASES OF DOMESTIC ANIMALS. 45 



Third, Motoires Oculorum, is a motor nerve ; it gives a part to each 

 eye ; it is distributed to all the muscles of the eyeball except external 

 straight and superior oblique. 



Fourth, Pathetic ; motor to the eye and superior oblique. 



Fifth, Trifacial mixed, common and special, sensation and motor ; 

 it is a large nerve and divides into three branches, the superior and 

 inferior maxillary, and the opthalmic. 



Sixth, Abducens ; motor to the abdutor muscles of the eye. If this 

 muscle was paralyzed, the eye v^ould be turned inward. 



Seventh, Facial motor ; great motor of the muscles of the face, but 

 does not supply the muscles of mastication. 



Eighth, Auditory ; the special sense of hearing. 



Ninth, Glosso-pharangeal ; mixed, sensory and motor ; goes to the 

 tongue and pharynx. 



Tenth, Pneumogastric ; goes to the stomach, lungs, pharynx, larynx 

 and trachea. It is a mixed nerve, but is highly important. 



Eleventh, The spinal accessory ; mixed. 



Twelfth, Hypoglossal ; goes to the tongue. It is motor. 



DISEASES OF THE NEEVOUS SYSTEM. 



Such diseases are not so numerous as in the human being, but we 

 have well marked nervous diseases in the horse, and sometimes they 

 do not give well marked symptoms. The brain has certain coverings 

 which are closely related with the brain. The one being diseased, 

 involves the other. 



Cerebritis Encephalitis. —It is known by another name, which 

 does not explain the pathology, but explains the symptoms. It is 

 phrenitis ; the disease causes phrenzy. It is not a very common 

 affection, for you may have a severe affection of the brain without 

 phrenitis. It is generally congestion, and then inflammation acting 

 directly or indirectly upon the brain. There may be a formation of 

 matter or abscesses. Phrenitis may come from various causes — injury 

 to the skull ; concussion of the skull; concussion of the brain, with or 

 without fracture of the skull ; continued exposure to the heat ; from 

 high condition ; from affections of the digestive organs, or you may 

 have a pure case from causes which cannot be accounted for. A great 

 many classes of diseases, that produce great mortality, are caused by 

 diseases of the brain and spinal cord. It is the result of debilitating 

 diseases, from strangles, from matter forming in the brain, tumours, 

 abscesses, etc., causing congestion and inflammation. The brain is 

 largely supplied with blood. 



Symptoms. — The premonitory symptoms are marked dulness, exces- 

 sive drowsiness. If the animal is standing in a stall, he will rest his 

 head against the manger. The pupil contracted, which afterwards 

 becomes dilated ; the pulse full, and may be very low, as low as twenty 

 beats per minute, and afterwards becomes quick. There is a peculiar 

 breathing; not such as is found in pneumonia, etc., but just a stentor- 

 ious breathing. These symptoms are followed by general excitement 

 and perfect phrenzy ; the pulse quicker, and the breathing loud ; the 

 animal reels about the box; the head high (but in some cases this is 

 just the reverse) ; will rear up, and get the feet in the manger, and 

 stand in such a position. At other times will lie upon the side, and 

 double the head under the breast and fore leg. Moves just like a piece 

 of machinery at times. At other times, as if for relief, he may carry 

 the head to one side, due to the part or parts affected. It is almost 

 impossible to lead the animal ; he will reel around and fall down. The 



