Diseases oS" Domestic animals. 105 



oleaginous preparations. It may be advisable to use an ointment, but 

 that is the exception and not the rule. A good preparation for certain 

 seasons of the year is tincture of benzoin, oil of tar and linseed oil. It 

 forms a coat, keeps out the air, etc., and seems to be of benefit. In a 

 lacerated wound where there is extensive suppuration, use astringents ; 

 and sometimes you find granulations or proud flesh, and sometimes the 

 wound becomes indolent. The white lotion, sulphate of copper, 

 tincture of iron, butter of antimony and carbolic acid of moderate 

 strength, are of benefit ; after this treat as a fresh wound. It is 

 necessary to attend to the constitutional treatment in some cases, 

 as well as the local. If the animal is in high condition administer 

 a laxative, restrict the food, etc , while in others feed well on the best of 

 food. In moderate weather hot or cold baths are often attended with 

 benefit. 



Modes of Healing^. — These vary according to the wound and the con- 

 dition of the animal. First, by immediate or direct union ; this can 

 take place only in an incised wound ; the parts come together ; a slight 

 exudation is thrown out, and healing takes place very quickly. This 

 sometimes takes place in pinning up an incision. In bleeding, this little 

 exudation glues the divided surface together ; but in a wound of any size 

 it does not take place. This may take place in twenty-four or thirty 

 hours ; but there must be certain conditions, or this cannot take place ; 

 there must be absence of inflammation, healing by adhesion or first 

 intention. Incised wounds frequently heal in this way. In such cases a 

 small amount of blood is extravasated. It becomes converted into new 

 tissue, and the divided edges of the wound adhere together. The irrita- 

 tion is not very extensive. Again, there is healing by the second inten- 

 tion ; this is inore tedious. In a lacerated wound or a large incised 

 wound, when there is motion, this is the mode of union ; the edges of 

 the wound are brought together ; in a short time serum is discharged 

 profusely, and there will be a coat of this serum over the wound, and it is 

 supposed that the leucocytes going to form new tissue are converted into 

 pus corpuscles, and profuse suppuration is the result ; little red emi- 

 nences appear, and if removed or hurt, are found to be extremely vascular ; 

 they bleed readily. These are the granulations, and this is the mode of 

 healing in lacerated wounds. In this manner loss of structure is 

 repaired. There is also healing by scabbing ; it is well noticed in our 

 patients. In case of a slight wound, the parts are brought together ; a 

 little fluid exudes and covers it over, which will, perhaps, remain and 

 form a scab, and it is very favourable in many cases. This shows the 

 necessity of allowing the blood to remain ; and we sometimes form an 

 artificial scab of callodium or carbolic acid and oil, which, in some cases, 

 favours healing. 



INJURIES AND DISEASES IN THE REGION OF THE HEAD 

 AND NECK. 



The first I will notice is 



PoU-eyil, so called from its occurring in the region of the poll. It is 

 not a constitutional disease, but comes, no doubt, from well-marked 

 causes — from inflammatory action set up, involving the muscles of the 

 region of the poll, aijd, perhaps, the ligamentum nuchas. Owing to the 

 low vitality of the parts, and the motion of the head in taking food, etc., 

 the matter is apt to burrow deep in the muscles. The 



Pathology is just inflammatory action, set up in the region of the poll. 

 Such an inflammation may terminate in resolution, but it is very likely 



