DISEASES OF DOMESTIC ANIMALS, 137 



over-reach, and if so, it takes a long time to recover. Bring the parts 

 together if there are any chances for reunion, but if not, then remove 

 the detached parts ; use luke-warm water, astringents, etc., and if any 

 little growths spring up, subdue them by the usual means. If there 

 is great pain use an anodyne — opium and water, or even chloroform. 

 Sometimes, after the irritation, a new growth of horn commences, 

 and takes a long time for it to grow out, and, perhaps, when it extends 

 about one-third way down it comes in contact with the old, and irri- 

 tates it. This is more serious right in front. The result of all these 

 injuries may be quittor. 



INJURIES AND DISEASES OF THE FEET. 



The Feet. — In injuries to the feet, from calks, etc., there is some- 

 times profuse hemorrhage, and the best way to arrest it is by pres- 

 sure. The surgical way would be to take up and ligature the artery ; 

 but this is difficult to do, and it is tolerably easily arrested by pressure 

 and styptics, as the tincture of the chloride of iron, acetate of lead, 

 and perhaps a tourniquet will be needed. Apply pads over the 

 arteries and then bandage, and keep up the pressure for twenty-four 

 or thirty hours if the hemorrhage is profuse. The hemorrhage may 

 weaken the animal, but there is no great danger of fatal hemorrhage, 

 although there are exceptional cases. 



Quittor is a fistulous opening between the sensitive and insensitive 

 laminae, and may result from the various injuries to the feet, as punc- 

 tures, bruises, pricks, corns, treads, etc., which ends in suppuration, 

 and the matter does not get a dependent opening ; it extends, destroys 

 the tissues with which it comes in contact, and finally bursts and 

 forms a sinus at the head of the hoof. A swelling first appears at 

 the top of the hoof, which is hard and painful, and then bursts. It is 

 more serious in a heavy horse, and in the hind foot. It may extend 

 around the greater part, or entirely around the coronary band, form- 

 ing a series of abscesses and finally sinuses. 



Treatment should be energetic and careful. Look carefully and 

 endeavour to find the original cause. Generally take off the shoe ; 

 cut down the sole and wall immediately below the abscess or sinu?. 

 If from a corn, and the sinuses are not formed, this treatment may 

 arrest the irritation. If it is from a corn, or injury to the parts 

 below, treating a little abscess at the head of the hoof is not always 

 successful, but use the knife and rasp pretty freely, and if sinuses 

 extend down, follow their course. Endeavour to remove the wall and 

 allow the matter to escape ; and the bone may be injured, when it is 

 very serious, but the symptoms are just the same. Cut down and 

 expose the bone, and touch with hydro-chloric acid, or scrape it. Ne- 

 crosis of the OS pedis may result from quittor. After laying the 

 sinuses open, inject with corrosive sublimate one ounce, alcohol one 

 ounce, ftnd water one ounce. Inject every day for three or four days. 

 This causes sloughing and brings on healthy action. Caustics have 

 been recommended, just the same as for fistula or poll-evil, and in 

 some cases it is good practice to use them. When there is difficulty 

 in opening up, you may take a few grains of corrosive sublimate, roll 

 it up in tissue paper, and insert to the bottom of the sinus. Sloughing 

 will take place in three or four days, and a healthy action results. It 

 requires dressing every other day. Prof. Williams refers to 



