REVIEW QUESTIONS 333 



the food during digestion and the forms in which it is voided in 

 the manure. 172. Compare the solid and liquid excrements as to 

 constancy of composition and amounts produced. 173. What is 

 meant by the manurial value of food ? 174. Name five foods with 

 high manurial value ; also five with low manurial value. 175. 

 What is the usual commercial value of manures compared with 

 commercial fertilizers ? 176. How does the manure from young 

 and from old animals compare as to value ? 177. How much 

 manure does a well-fed cow produce per day ? 178. What are the 

 characteristics of cow manure ? How do horse manure and cow 

 manure differ as to composition, character, and fermentability ? 

 179. What are the characteristics of sheep manure ? 180. How 

 does hen manure differ from any other manure ? 181. Why should 

 the solid and liquid excrements be mixed to produce balanced 

 manure ? 182. What volatile nitrogen compound may be given off 

 from manure ? 183. What may be said regarding the use of human 

 excrements as manure ? 184. Is there any danger of immediate 

 scarcity of plant food to necessitate the use of human excrements 

 as manure ? 185. To what extent may losses occur when manures 

 are exposed in loose piles and allowed to leach for six months ? 

 1 86. What two classes of ferments are present in manure ? How 

 does an application of farm manure affect the bacterial content of 

 soil and what influence does this have upon the plant food of the 

 soil ? 187. Explain the workings of the two classes of ferments 

 found in manures. 188. How much heat may be produced in 

 manure during fermentation ? 189. Is water injurious to manure ? 

 190. How should manure be composted ? What is gained ? 191. 

 How does properly composted manure compare in composition with 

 fresh manure ? 192. Explain the action of calcium sulphate in the 

 'preservation of manure. 193. How does manure produced in 

 barn yards compare in composition and crop-producing value with 

 that produced in covered sheds ? 194. When may manure be 

 taken directly to the field and spread ? 195. How may coarse 

 manures be injurious to crops ? 196. What is gained by manuring 



