CH. vij SUty Clays 111 



more successful than spring corn. Latesowingsonl}/ come 

 to anything if the seed goes in well. Swedes and potatoes 

 are not easy to grow and fallowing is necessary in order 

 to keep the land clean and in good tilth; a bastard 

 fallow may suffice, especially if it can be started early 

 enough, but an occasional dead fallow lasting over the 

 whole season is desirable and gives very good results, 

 especially if the summer is hot and dry and the winter 

 not too wet. Grass land which is being changed to arable 

 should be broken up in autumn, using by preference two 

 ploughs, one to skim off the grass and the other to bury 

 it. Disk implements may, however, be sent over to cut 

 up the turf before ploughing. 



The second class of clays, the silty clays, are very 

 truculent to deal with and no reliable method has yet 

 been evolved. They can be found in the Lower Wealden 

 beds in the district east of Horsham, on the Boulder 

 Clay, the Coal Measures, etc. : they occur at Garforth in 

 the West Riding and in numerous other places; every- 

 where they have a bad reputation which they thoroughly 

 deserve. Lime and subsoiling have less effect than might 

 be expected, and probably the best treatment is to mole 

 drain them and lay them down to grass : it is not worth 

 while spending much on them as they do not respond 

 well to treatment. 



Sands 



The chief agricultural properties of sandy soils arise 

 from the fact that they are porous and readily allow the 

 passage of water. Thus the water never accumulates 

 and the soils only get waterlogged when they are under- 

 lain by a basin of clay : usually they suffer from drought 

 in dry weather. In its passage the water carries with it 



