I 



No. 4.] REPORT OF CATTLE BUREAU. 331 



sionally occur ; and cattle which are badly emaciated and 

 extensively diseased, or those with tuberculous udders, are 

 certainly animals which are unfit to furnish a public milk 

 supply. 



Recently some experiments have been conducted by Dr. 

 Leonard Pearson, State veterinarian of Pennsylvania, and 

 Dr. S. H. Gilliland, assistant bacteriologist of the State Live 

 Stock Sanitary Board of Pennsylvania, upon the immuniza- 

 tion of cattle against tuberculosis. If some method can be 

 devised which will successfully immunize cattle against this 

 disease, it will be of very great value to the live stock inter- 

 ests of this country ; but until these experiments are carried 

 out on a larger scale, it is too soon to express an opinion as 

 to how valuable the results will prove to be. 



Actinomycosis. 

 During the year three cows were quarantined as having 

 actinomycosis. One of these was killed, and two released. 

 In addition, two or three cows have been killed which had 

 tuberculosis, and whose udders were supposed to be tuber- 

 culous, but upon examination the lesions in the udder were 

 found to be produced by the actinomj^ces. Actinomycosis 

 of the udder gives it a nodulated feeling, which it is almost 

 impossible to tell from tuberculosis, and in many cases can- 

 not be determined without examination of specimens secured 

 post mortem. Judging from the experiment conducted by 

 the Cattle Commission, an account of which appears in the 

 last annual report of the commission, it does not appear 

 that milk from cows with actinomycosis of the udder is dan- 

 gerous ; but at the same time, until more is known about it, 

 the use of milk from such animals ought to be prohibited. 



Foot and Mouth Disease, 



The most unexpected occurrence of the year, and one that 

 has made a great deal of work in a short space of time, has 

 been the outbreak of foot and mouth disease. 



Foot and mouth disease is well known on the continent 

 of Europe, and has also caused great ravages among the 

 live stock in England. In the last few years, however, it 



