86 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. [Pub. Doc. 



It is, in the first place, the cheapest construction of any 

 ventilating apparatus that I have ever seen. He objected to 

 an arrangement with the opening through the top of the 

 roof into an ordinary cupola constructed of slats, as we 

 commonly see. The wind blowing in all directions against 

 it prevented a proper exit of the foul air. Therefore in 

 place of that I put upon the back side of the stable a com- 

 mon rotary iron ventilator, so that the wind in striking it 

 should cause an upward draught. Then 1 constructed, as 

 described by the Governor, an air tube which commenced 

 at about two feet from the floor of the stable. I ran that 

 up inside the sheathing of the stable so that none of the 

 warm air should be condensed by the cold air upon the out- 

 side of the stable. I ran that nearly up to the peak of the 

 roof. I ran it up under this ventilator, giving a space of 

 perhaps twelve or eighteen inches. This prevents the down 

 draught which I had discovered by every other system. Now 

 came the question of letting in the proper amount of fresh 

 air, which was done by making openings directly under the 

 ceiling of the stable. These little opehings were fourteen 

 inches in length and an inch and a quarter wide. They 

 were covered with wire cloth to prevent l^eing stopped 

 up, and also had a little tin cover that could be opened and 

 shut, and thus regulate the supply of air. I have never 

 found it necessary to use these covers, as the temperature 

 has never been too low with the covers wic]^ open. Those 

 openings are placed right around the stable under the ceil- 

 ing, and fresh air from out-doors comes in through them. 



Ex-Governor Hoard. Doesn't the warm air run out of 

 those openings? 



Mr. Russell. Not at all. 



Ex-Governor Hoard. How can it help it up in the top 

 of the ceiling? 



Mr. Russell. Well, the air outside precipitates the warm 

 air, and the foul air seems to go through the air ducts or 

 ventilators. 



Ex-Governor Hoard. But the warm air will go right up 

 against the ceiling and stay there, being lighter, and if there 

 was an opportunity all around the edge of the ceiling for 

 the warm air to go out in that outer space, what would pre- 

 vent it? 



