178 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. [Pub. Doc. 



it required, or, in other words, giving the land fertilizers or 

 good stable manure, barnyard manure, — I was surprised to 

 see how they recuperated, how they came along up. I was 

 very careful, mind you. It took me several years to do 

 that ; but I was very careful al)out taking off too much. 

 I think some one mentioned that here, about being careful 

 and not take off too much. 



Mr. Pratt. Mr. Cruickshanks, won't you tell us when 

 you think is just the right time for spraying, just the right 

 growth for the commencement ? 



Mr. Cruickshanks. I take the Doctor as my authority 

 on spraying, and he is as relialjle as any man you can find. 

 I have not practised it enough. Speaking from memory, 

 the Doctor says he has no fungus. He ]iurns off everything 

 that can hold a fungus. He burns tlie rubbish, burns the 

 grass. He says there are fungus spores in that grass, and it 

 is liable to get on your trees. He begins in some cases 

 before the buds expand at all. In that case he uses a 

 stronger solution. Then immediately after the blossoms fill 

 and the fruit is set is the time to spray for the codling moth. 

 His mixture is very different from what is recommended, 

 one ounce of sulphate of copper to 100 gallons of water, and 

 I forget how many pounds of lime in the mixture to 22 gal- 

 lons of water. He has figured it down so that he has 

 learned that even that amount in some cases will injure the 

 foliage. I cannot tell you the particulars of that. 



Mr. Pratt. Does that answer for the different sprayings 

 at different times ? 



Mr. Cruickshaxks. That answers for the fungus. That 

 is all he takes oft". 



Secretary Sessions. What does he use in spraying for 

 the codling moth? 



Mr. Cruickshanks. He uses Paris green. 



Secretary Sessions. And when is that? 



Mr. Cruickshanks. When the blossoms fell. You per- 

 haps have all noticed the apple tree when it blossoms. The 

 blossoms stand up in the calyx where the codling moth de- 

 posits its egg. Spraying must be done before the apple gets 

 large enough to turn over, — one teaspoonful to three gallons 

 of water ; one even teaspoonful of Paris green in three gal- 



