No. 4.] CATTLE COMMISSIONERS' REPORT. 223 



any sudden change in the temperature, or when the barn is first 

 opened in the niorniug. The cough is also particularly to be 

 noticed when the animal exerts herself somewhat ; and it is not at 

 all a bad practice to run a suspected cow about for a few minutes 

 to see if she will cough ; if this is done immediately after she has 

 been drinking water freely, it will be especially likely to produce 

 the cough if the disease be present. 



The symptoms of what may be called the secondary stage are 

 emaciation, dull countenance, sluggish movements, skin dry and 

 adhering more or less tightly to the ribs (hide-bound) ; the hair is 

 dull looking, coat rough, and not infrequently feels damp to the 

 hand. Slight exertion causes rapid breathing and cough, if the 

 lungs are affected. The appetite is fickle or diminished ; there 

 may be constipation or diarrhoea, or the two conditions may alter- 

 nate. The milk is somewhat diminished in quantity ; the cough 

 comes without apparent cause, or is easily induced by pressure 

 upon the upper part of the windpipe. The breathing, rather in- 

 creased in frequency, is sometimes accompanied by a little double 

 expiratory effort, as if the animal stopped breathing for a second, 

 and then finished expelling the remainder of the air from the lung 

 before taking in the next breath. 



In the third stage the cow is very thin and very much debilitated, 

 the appetite is very fickle or almost lost, and there is more or less 

 fever, which, however, is not evenly maintained through the 

 twenty-four hours. The cough is very frequent, and the head is 

 held on a line with the back, or lower. AVhen the animal coughs 

 the mouth is opened and the tongue protruded ; the breathing is 

 short and irregular. There is very often a diarrhoea, with a bad- 

 smelling, dark-colored discharge. 



A very excellent report upon the diseases of cattle has recently 

 been published by the Bureau of Animal Industry of the Depart- 

 ment of Agriculture in AVashington, in which, upon page 405, 

 appears a description of the symptoms of tuberculosis, taken from 

 one of the Sanitary Orders issued in Switzerland ; it is as follows : — 



A dry, short,, interrupted, hoarse cough, which the sick animals 

 manifest, especially in the morning at feeding time, still more after 

 somewhat violent exertion. At first these animals may be lull-blooded, 

 and lay on a considerable amount of fat when well fed. As the disease 

 progresses they grow thin, and show more and more those appearances 

 which indicate diseased nutrition, such as a staring, lustreless, dishevelled 

 coat; dirty, dense skin, which appears very pale in those regions free 

 from hair. The temperature of the skin is below nonnal The loss of 

 fat causes sinking of the eyes in their sockets They appear swimming 

 in water, and their expression is weak. The cough is more frequent, 

 but never or very rarely accompanied with discharge. The body con- 



