24 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. 



females in your own herd, and take them from no other. They 

 should be stamped there, and you will never have regularity 

 and uniformity in your herd until you are careful of the first 

 impregnation of your female animal. 



If you are breeding for beef, you are doing what is a simple, 

 plain, straight-forward business. The female selected for that 

 purpose should be of a certain description, well known to all 

 farmers. Round-bodied, fine-boned, clean-headed, straight in 

 the back, straight in the rump, sharp, clean chine, good depth 

 through the heart, and a solid, firm, substantial brisket ; a firm 

 leg to walk upon ; a good, ample, luxurious mouth ; the 

 expression of a good feeding animal is always seen in the mouth 

 and in that part of the head which is devoted to the business of 

 feeding. All these points, added to a good mellow skin, should 

 always belong to the female out of which you intend to breed a 

 herd of cattle for the purposes of feeding. 



For the purposes of the dairy, the cow unquestionably should 

 be of a different character. Somewhat deeper, less round in 

 the body, with a rib flat, — I do not mean dropping flat, but a 

 flat surface, with sharp edges, — springing gracefully from the 

 spine; loose shoulder, straight quarter, good lap, broad back, 

 great depth of carcase ; and with all that, a certain elasticity to 

 the touch which carries with it the impression of great secretory 

 functions. These are the things (with superficial veins, and 

 everything of that description) that you want in a female for 

 the purposes of the dairy, and at the same time, that description 

 of head of which I have spoken as belonging to a beef-producing 

 animal. 



With respect to the males the rule is, — notwithstanding what 

 is said with regard to tlie resemblance of the male to the 

 female, — that the male should present precisely the same points 

 as the female, except in a masculine degree. No female lieaded 

 bulls for me. Talk about a bull that has a feminine head upon 

 him ! You might just as well talk about a man with a woman's 

 head on his shoulders. You want in the male of the breed of 

 animals that you are undertaking to produce to kill, every 

 thing that is in the female, double-distilled, multiplied tenfold, 

 because it is from the male side that the wliole vigor and power 

 and force of an animal comes, after all. So, when I describe a 

 c;)w for the purpose of meat production, and a cow for the 



