FOREST TREES AND SHRUBS OP HINGHAM. 113 



The white pine may be found in all, or nearly all parts of our 

 forests. It is in great demand for manufacturing purposes. 

 None of our forest trees would sooner or more generously repay 

 the cost of cultivation. Pitch pine is scarce. It is said to be 

 an excellent material for floors, as durable as the Southern, and 

 more beautiful. Hemlock, as a fuel for close stoves, is not 

 much inferior to maple. White cedar timber has become 

 scarce, probably owing to the increased use of it in the manu- 

 facture of wooden w^are. 



12. Salicaceje, Willow Family. Salix alba, White or Yellow- 

 Willow ; Populus tremiiUfoi'mis, American Aspen ; P. grandi- 

 dentata, Large Toothed Aspen ; P. candicans, Balm of Gilead, 



13. Sapindace^, Soap Berry Family. Acer saccharinum, 

 Sugar Maple, or Rock Maple ; A. rubrum, Red or Swamp Maple. 



The sugar maple is not common in our forests. It appears to 

 be growing in favor as an ornamental tree. The red maple 

 thrives in a variety of soils. 



14. OLEACEiE, Olive Family. Fraxinus Americana, ^hxio. Ash ; 

 F. sambucifolia, Black or Water Ash ; F. pubescens, Red Ash. 



The white ash occurs most frequently and in the greatest 

 Variety of soils. It will bear transplanting as well as any tree 

 with which we are acquainted. The black ash is not so widely 

 diffused as the white. Its wood is not so good for fuel. It is 

 of use in the manufacture of baskets. The red ash has a very 

 limited range. 



15. TiLiACEiE, Linden Family. Tilia Americana, Bass Wood. 



SHRUBS. 



1. Oleace^, Olive Family. Ligustrum vulgare ; found near 

 Martin's Well and in other places in the north part of the town. 

 Flowers in May, June. Naturalized from Europe. 



2. RuBiACE.E, Madder Family. Cephalanthus occidentalis, 

 Button Bush ; flourishes in marshy places ; July, August. 



3. CoRNACEyE, Dogvvood Family. Cormis alternifolia, C. pan- 

 icidata, C circinala, C. sericea, C. stolonifera; river-banks, 

 swamps, <fcc. ; May, June. 



4. Hamamelace.e, Witch Hazel Family. Ha7na7nelis Vir- 

 ginica, Witch Hazel ; October, November. 



5. Aquifoliace^, Holly Family. Ilex verticella, Black Alder, 

 Winter-berry ; May, June. /. glabra, Ink-berry ; an evergreen 



15* 



