THE EXTRACTION OF THE JUICE BY MILLS 



249 



cally obtaining a more effective distribution of the water, 

 illustrated are due to Leon Pellet. 



These schemes as 



scrapers " of Ramsay (patent 

 The scrapers bear tangentially 



Ramsay's Process. The " macerating 

 18515 of 1911) are indicated in Fig. 148. 

 on the upper and discharge rollers, and 

 attached to the scrapers are the hollow 

 boxes to which is admitted water under 

 pressure. The system thus defines a 

 passage through which the bagasse travels 

 in close contact with water or other 

 diluent. 



Deerr's Process. Patent 126093 of 

 1918 is shown in Plate XXIV. It consists 

 as to the upper portion of a complete 

 perforated rotating cylinder, enclosing a 

 stationary incomplete cylinder. To the 

 interior of the latter, water under pres- 

 sure is admitted through a hollow shaft, 

 The liquid can only escape through the 

 opening in the stationary cylinder, and 

 those perforations in the outer cylinder 

 that come opposite to the opening as the outer cylinder rotates. The lower 

 system is shown with the relative positions of the two cylinders reversed. 

 Means are also provided to vary the pressure exerted on the layer of bagasse 

 by the upper system, and also the speed of rotation of the cylinders. The 

 object of the device is mainly to bring the diluent under pressure in inti- 

 mate and distributed contact with the layer of bagasse which is itself under 

 that pressure at which experience has shown the absorption of water to be 

 at a maximum. 



Macerating Baths. Instead of spraying the diluent on the bagasse, a 

 system of " bath maceration " is in use, and to this system the term maceration 

 is not altogether inappropriate. In this system the dilute juice expressed 

 from a mill is returned to a tank through which it flows in an opposite direc- 

 tion to the bagasse ; the juice overflows at the end of the bath, and the 



FIG 



FIG. 149 



water required is pumped on to the bagasse immediately before it enters 

 the mill. This system is disclosed in Fryer's patent 1073, of 1869, and since 

 that date has formed the subject of a number of other patents with various 

 modifications ; the form in which this process is generally applied is indicated 

 in Gibson's patent (24206 of 1895), Fig. 149. 



