72 CARIBOU S&OOTING IN NEWFOUNDLAND. 



purpose. The Great Northern Mail road for estab- 

 lishing communication with the people of the north- 

 ern bays was begun and pushed to completion, and at 

 the present writing there are about 1,000 miles of pos- 

 tal roads and 2,000 miles of district roads. 



ROAD BUILDING LEADS TO THE DISCOVERY OF MIN- 

 ERALS A GEOLOGICAL SURVEY. 



As road building necessitated surveys into and 

 through the interior, as well as the disturbance of 

 the rock and earth in numerous places, it led 

 to the discovery of minerals, and finally (in 1864) to 

 the establishment of a most efficient Geological Sur- 

 vey. Sir William Logan, the eminent geologist of 

 Canada, was applied to, who nominated Mr. Alexan- 

 der Murray, who had been his efficient assistant for 

 twenty years, to take charge of the work. He prose- 

 cuted it for over twenty years, and it has been con- 

 tinued with commendable zeal by his able assistant, 

 Mr. James Howley, up to the present time. 



VISIONS OF RAILWAYS LOOMING UP. 



Thus, after being a mere fishing station for 250 

 years, without farms or roads, the fringe along the 

 coast was intersected with public highways, the cul- 

 tivation of the soil was making some progress, and 



