THE EVEN-TOED UNGULATES 361 



their wives, unless prevented by others of their species mightier 

 than themselves, with whom, if fairly matched, they enter into 

 the most formidable contests, to win or be driven from the herd 

 with ignominy." l 



The Red Deer is a native of the British Isles and many parts 

 of Europe, and is still to be found wild in Exmoor Forest, north 

 of the Forth and Clyde in Scotland, and about Killarney, Conne- 

 mara, and Erris in Ireland. The pairing season is in the early part 

 of October, and the calves are born about the end of the following 

 May or early June ; while the stags drop their antlers between 

 the end of February and the earlier part of April. 



The Wapiti Deer resembles the Red in almost every detail, 

 except that it is a larger animal. It is a native of the woodlands 

 and mountains of North America, and specimens brought over 

 to England are kept in confinement without difficulty, fine examples 

 generally being on view in the Zoological Gardens in London. 



The True Elk, or Moose Deer, is the largest of the Cervida, and 

 is found in North America, Northern Europe, and the coldest parts 

 of Asia. When adult it may attain to the great height of eight 

 feet at the shoulder, and, with the huge palmated antlers, is a truly 

 magnificent animal. * -i 



The Sambur, or Gerow (Rusa aristotelis), of the hilly districts 

 of India, is a noble Deer, reaching nearly five feet in height, and 

 of a deep brown colour. It is stoutly built, and its massive antlers, 

 which present three powerful points, reach over three feet in length. 

 Shy and wary, it frequents stony hills where there is plenty of 

 cover and easy access to water, requiring all the skill of the experi- 

 enced hunter to successfully come up with it. 



The Muntjacs form a group of small and elegant Deer found 

 in India, Burmah, China, the Malay Peninsula, and the larger 

 islands of the Indo-Malay Archipelago. They differ from all other 

 members of the family, in that their diminutive antlers are sup- 

 ported on lengthy bony pedestals covered with a hairy skin much 

 like the horn-growths of the giraffe. Most, also, have a pair of 

 elongated ridges between the eyes, within the folds of which small 

 glands are situated, at the same time that there is a dark crest 

 of retroverted hair, tending to the shape of a horseshoe, upon 

 the forehead. In the males the upper canine teeth develop into 



1 Prof. A. H. Garrod, F.R.S. 



