PRIMATES-APES AND LEMURS 407 



a very important manner during the act of swallowing. The large 

 Common Macaque, and the Round-faced or Formosan Monkeys, 

 and the Bonnet Monkey, may be said to represent the long-tailed 

 kinds ; the Bhunder (Macacus Rhesus), or Rhesus Monkey, has 

 a tail of moderate length ; the Pig-tailed and Belanger Monkeys 

 are typical of the short -tailed kind; and the tailless includes the 

 Magot u or Gibraltar Ape, which is very baboon-like both in appear- 

 ance and general habits. 



The Guenon (Cercopithecus) Monkeys have gained their popular 

 name from their odd grimaces and gestures. They are characterised 

 by their long hind- and short fore-limbs, long tails, and capacious 

 cheek-pouches. In the wild state they assemble in troops in the 

 forest, for they are essentially tree-dwellers, and make raids on 

 all sides of their favourite home, moving with such rapidity under 

 the shadow of the leaves and branches that they are rarely seen. 

 Many are very pretty and elaborately coloured. The Diana 

 Monkey (Cercopithecus Diana), which has gained its classic name 

 from a crescent-shaped white band of long hair stretching across 

 the forehead, is a familiar example of these Guenons, frequently 

 to be seen in the Zoological Gardens. Another Guenon which has 

 some resemblance to the Diana is called the Mona, a term 

 which means Tailed Apes or Monkeys (the diminutive of Mona is 

 " Monikin," whence the popular term Monkey). 



The Sacred Apes, or Semnopitheci, may be described as Monkeys 

 with long hind-limbs larger than the fore-limbs, with slender 

 bodies usually highest at the tail, round heads, with not very 

 prominent faces, and very long tails. They have callous pads 

 on the haunch-bones, and in some there are slight folds inside 

 the cheeks, but no pouches. The hands have thumbs. They are 

 all slightly made, though varying considerably in size. The Black- 

 Crested Monkey is very characteristic of the group, and is a native 

 of Sumatra. It has a long and slender body, very long hind-legs, 

 the fore-legs are short, the head small, and the tail very long. 

 The Hoonuman (Semnopithecus entellus) is the most venerated of the 

 Sacred Monkeys of the Hindoos, and when fully grown measures 

 four feet and a half in length, and the tail is considerably longer 

 than the body. It associates in great troops, which abound 

 thanks to the native belief in their semi-divinity near towns and 

 plantations. They watch and steal with impunity and ability, 



