VESPA SYLVESTRIS. 219 



shaped spot above the clypeus is larger, and deeply notched 

 above ; the first segment of the abdomen is visibly longer. 



First discovered by myself in 1836, near Wakefield, Yorkshire, 

 building nests in fir-trees. I possess a specimen of what I think 

 will prove to be the worker ; it differs from V. rufa in having 

 two spots on the scutellum and two on the post-scutellum. 

 This species has also been taken in Scotland, and M. de Saussure 

 has found it near Geneva. 



5. Vespa sylvestris. 



V. nigra, flavo-variegata ; mandibulis ab oculis remotis ; abdo- 

 minis fasciis paulo triemarginatis. 



Vespa sylvestris, Scop. Ent. Cam. 309. 826 ? . 



Christ. Hym. 235. t. 22. f. 1. 



Oliv. Encycl. Meth. vi. 



Smith, Cat. Hym. Ins. Vespid. 115. 5. 



Sauss. Mon. Guepes Soc. 123. 6. t. 14. f. 6. 

 Vespa parietum, Harris, Expos. Eng. Ins. 128. t. 37. f. 4 $ . 

 Vespa holsatica, Fabr. Ent. Syst. ii. 257. 14 ; Syst. Piez. 256. 12. 



Latr. Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. i. 288. t. 21. f. 1-3; Hist. Nat. 

 Crust, et Ins. xiii. 352. 



Smith, Zool. i. 168. 4. f. k$ , /? , m ? . 

 Vespa crassa, Herr. Schaff. Faun. Germ. 1 79. 4. 34. 

 Vespa arbustorum, Blanch. Hist, des Ins. i. 62. t. 3. f. 2. 

 The campanular Wasp, Bingley, iii. 270. 

 Vespa vexator, Harris, Eng. Ins. 127. 37. f. 2, 3 $ . 



Female. Length 7J-8 lines. Black ; the mandibles, clypeus, 

 a crown-shaped spot above, a line on the inner orbit of the 

 eyes entering their sinus, the scape in front, and a stripe behind 

 the eyes near their summit, yellow ; the eyes not extending to 

 the base of the mandibles ; the face and cheeks with pale fer- 

 ruginous pubescence, that on the vertex black. Thorax : an 

 oblique line on each side before the tegulae, two spots on the 

 scutellum, a spot beneath the wings, and the tibiae, tarsi, and 

 tips of the femora, yellow ; the apical joints of the tarsi slightly 

 ferruginous ; the thorax with pale ferruginous pubescence, 

 that on the disk dark brown or black. Abdomen yellow, with 

 a black band at the base of the segments; the black band 

 produced into an angular point in the middle, those on the 

 second and third segments with a little point on each side ; 

 thinly clothed with pale ferruginous pubescence. 



Worker. Length 6-6^ lines. Resembles the female, but has 

 usually a black dot on the clypeus, and the black fasciae have 

 frequently a little point produced on each side of the second, 

 third and fourth segments. 



L2 



