376 THE BOTANISTS OF PHILADELPHIA. 



9. ''Plant Analysis as illustrated by the Production of Sugar from 

 Sorghum." — Proceedings Alumni Association American College of Pharmacy, 

 1887. 



10. "The Chemistry of the Lower and the Higher Plants." — American 

 Naturalist, 1887, 719, 800. 



11. "The Occurrence of Solid Hydrocarbons in Plants." — American 

 Chemical Journal, X : 439. ( 1888. ) 



JOSEPH CRAWFORD. 



Joseph Crawford was born December 20, 1858, within 

 sound of the water of the Perkiomen, made famous by 

 Audubon, Say, Wilson, and others. His early education, 

 until he was fifteen or sixteen years of age, was spent at 

 the county schools, together with a two years' course at the 

 High School at Norristown, where he finished his scholastic 

 career. Even then his interest in botany showed itself. 

 He graduated in 1884 from the Philadelphia College of 

 Pharmacy, where he attended the lectures and studied 

 botany under the late Professor John M. Maisch. While a 

 druggist at Tuckerton, New Jersey, he collected plants in 

 that neighborhood and became much interested in the flora 

 of New Jersey. Entering business for himself in Philadel- 

 phia, in 1884, his botanical studies were carried on spas- 

 modically until 1892, when he associated himself with the 

 late Dr. J. Bernard Brinton, accompanying that botanist 

 in his outings. Through Dr. Brinton, Mr. Crawford became 

 interested in the Academy of Natural Sciences, and also of 

 the Botanical Section. 



He, with Dr. Brinton, was instrumental in the founda- 

 tion of the Philadelphia Botanical Club, which meets 

 monthly and has for its object the study of the plants found 

 especially within a radius of sixty miles of the city. As 

 Chairman of the Botanical Committee of the Pennsylvania 



