e 3 8 The ordering of the Orchard. 



fhadow them : Let your Peare trees therefore be placed behinde, or on the one fide of 

 your lower trees, that they may be as it were a fhelter or defence on the North & Eaft 

 fide. Thus may you alfo plant Apples among Plums and Cherries, fo as you fuffer 

 not one to ouer-growe or ouer-toppe another ; for by pruning, lopping, and fhred- 

 ding thofe that growe too faft for their fellowes, you may ftill keepe your trees in fuch 

 a conformity, as may be both moft comely for the fight, and moft profitable for the 

 yeelding of greater and better ftore of fruit. Other forts of fruit trees you may mixe 

 among thefe, if you pleafe, as Filberds, Cornellian Cherries in ftanderds, and Med- 

 lers: but Seruice trees, Baye trees, and others of that high fort, muft be fet to guard 

 the reft. Thus haue I giuen you the faireft forme could as yet be deuifed ; and from this 

 patterne, if you doe not follow it precifely, yet by it you may proportion your Or- 

 chard, be it large or little, be it walled or hedged. 



CHAP. III. 



1 



Of a nourfery for trees, both from fowing the kernels, and planting 

 Jit Jtockes to graft vpon. 



ALthough I know the greater fort (I meane the Nobility and better part of the 

 Gentrie of this Land) doe not intend to keepe a Nurfery, to raife vp thofe trees 

 that they meane to plant their wals or Orchards withall, but to buy them al- 

 ready grafted to their hands of them that make their liuing of it : yet becaufe many 

 Gentlemen and others are much delighted to beftowe their paines in grafting them- 

 felues, and efteeme their owne labours and handie worke farre aboue other mens : for 

 their incouragement and fatisfaclion, I will here fet downe fome conuenient directi- 

 ons, to enable them to raife an Orchard of all forts of fruits quickly, both by fowing 

 the kernels or ftones of fruit, and by making choife of the beft forts of ftockes to graft 

 on: Firft therefore to begin with Cherries; If you will make a Nurfery, wherein 

 you may bee ftored with plenty of ftockes in a little fpace, take what quantitie you 

 thinke good of ordinarie wilde blacke Cherrie ftones, cleanfed from the berries, and 

 fowe them, or pricke them in one by one on a peece of ground well turned vp, and 

 large enough for the quantitie of ftones you will beftowe thereon, from the midft of 

 Auguft vnto the end of September, which when they are two or three yeares old, ac- 

 cording to their growth, you may remoue them, and fet them anew in fome orderly 

 rowes, hauing pruned their tops and their rootes, which at the next yeares growth af- 

 ter the new planting in any good ground, or at the fecond, will be of fufficient big- 

 nefTe to graft vpon in the bud what forts of Cherries you thinke beft : and it is fitteft to 

 graft them thus young, that pruning your ftockes to raife them high, you may graft 

 them at fiue or fix foote high, or higher, or lower, as you fhall fee good, and being 

 thus grafted in the bud, will both more fpeedily and fafely bring forward your grafts, 

 and with lefTe danger of lofing your ftockes, then by grafting them in the ftocke : for 

 if the bud take not by inoculating the firft yeare, yet your tree is not loft, nor put in 

 any hazzard of IqfTe ; but may be grafted anew the yeare following, if you will, in an 

 other place thereof, whereas if you graft in the ftocke, and it doe not take, it is a great 

 chance if the ftocke dye not wholly, or at leaft be not fo weakened both in ftrength and 

 height, that it will not bee fit to bee grafted a yeare or two after. In the fame man- 

 ner as you doe with the blacke, you may deale with the ordinary Englifh red Cherrie 

 ftones, or kernels, but they are not fo apt to growe fo ftraight and high, nor in fo fhort 

 a time as the blacke Cherrie ftones are, and befides are fubieft in time to bring out fuc- 

 kers from the rootes, to the hinderance of the ftockes and grafts, or at the leaft to the 

 deformitie of your Orchard, and more trouble to the Gardiner, to pull or digge them 

 away. Plumme ftones may bee ordered in this manner likewife, but you muft make 

 choife of your Plums ; for although euery Plumme is not fo fit for this purpofe, as the 

 white Peare Plurnme, becaufe it groweth the goaleft and freeft, the barke being fmooth 

 and apteft to be raifed, that they may be grafted vpon ; yet diuers other Plummes may 

 be taken, if they be not at hand, or to be had, as the blacke and red Peare Plumme, the 



white 





