544 The ordering of the Orchard. 



manner thereof, it is thus : Hauing a tree well growne, bee it high or low, yet the lower 

 the better, with young branches well fpread, they vfe to fet ftockes round about it, or 

 on the one fide as you pleafe ; into which ftockes they ingraft the young branches of 

 the well growne tree as they are growing (before they cut them from the tree) by bow- 

 ing downe the branch they intend to graft, and putting it into the ftocke, hauing firft 

 cut off the head thereof, and cut a notch in the middle of the head a little flope on 

 both fides, wherein the branch muft be fitted : let the branch be cut thinne on the vn- 

 derfide, only of that length as may fuffice to fit the notch in the ftocke, leauing about 

 halfe a yarde length of the branch, to rife aboue or beyond the ftocke, which beeing 

 bound on, and clayed ouer or couered with red or greene foft waxe, they let fo abide, 

 that if it take in the ftocke they cut off the branch a little below the grafting place in 

 Nouember following, and remouing the ftocke, they haue thus gained a grafted and 

 growne tree the firft yeare : but it is vfually feene, that where one branch taketh, three 

 doe miffe : yet this manner of grafting was much in vfe for May Cherries, when they 

 were firft known to vs, and the way thought to be a rare manner of grafting to encreafe 

 them, vntill a better way was found out, which now is fo common and good alfo, that 

 this is not now fcarce thought vpon. 



3. Another kinde of grafting in the ftocke is called of fome whipping, of fome 

 fplicing, of others incifing, and of others packing on (and as I heare, is much vfed in 

 the Weft parts efpecially, and alfo in the North parts of this Land) and is performed 

 in this manner : Take and flice the branch of a tree (fo as the branch be not too bigge) 

 or elfe a young tree of two, or three, or foure yeares growth at the moft, quite off flope 

 wife, about an inch and a halfe long or more, and cut a deep notch in the middle there- 

 of, then fit into it a graft iuft of that fize or bigneffe, cut on both fides with moulders, 

 and thin at the end, that it may ioyne clofe in the notch, and neyther bigger or leffer, 

 but that the barke of the one may bee fitted iuft' to the barke of the other, the figure 

 wherof is exprefled at the letters E.F. which fhew the one to be with a ftioulder & the 

 other without ; binde them gently together with baft, and put clay or waxe ouer the 

 place, vntill it be taken : this is much vfed of late dayes for fuch young trees as are ri- 

 fen of ftones or kernels after the fecond or third yeares growth, and thriue very well 

 in that it not only faueth much time, but diuers checks by remouing and grafting. 



4. Inoculating or grafting in the budde is another manner of grafting, which is the 

 taking of a budde from one tree, and putting it into the barke of another tree, to the 

 end, that thereby you may haue of the fame kinde of fruit the tree bare from whence 

 the budde was taken; and although it bee fufficiently knowne in many places of this 

 Land, yet as I vnderftand, good Gardiners in the North parts, and likewife in fome o- 

 ther places, can fcarce tell what it meaneth, or at the leaft how to doe it well. It is per- 

 formed after a different fafhion from the former, although they all tend vnto one end, 

 which is the propagating of trees. You muft for this purpofe obferue, that for thofe 

 trees you would graft, either with, or vpon, you choofe a fit time in Summer, when 

 the fappe is well rifen, and your graft well mot, that the barke will rife eafily and 

 cleanly, both of ftocke and graft, which time I cannot appoint, becaufe both the years 

 doe differ in earlineffe, and the feuerall parts or countries of this Land likewife one 

 from another, but moft vfually in thefe Southerne parts, from the beginning of lune 

 vnto the end of it, or to the middle of luly, or either fomewhat before or after. Firft 

 (as I faid) hauing taken the fitteft time of the yeare, you muft take efpeciall care, that 

 your grafts be well growne, and of the fame yeares moote, and alfo that the buds or 

 eyes haue but fingle leaues at them, as neere as you can : for I would vtterly- refufe 

 thofe buds that haue aboue two leaues as vnprofitable, either in Peaches or any other 

 fruit ; and therefore fee that your grafts or cyons bee taken from the chiefeft place of 

 the tree, that is, either from the toppe, or from a funnie fide thereof, and not from the 

 contrarie fide if you may otherwife, nor from any vnder-boughes ; for feeing your 

 graft is fo fmall a thing, you had neede take the more care that it be the beft and faireft. 

 You muft to take off this eye or budde from the fprigge, haue a fmall fharpe pen-knife, 

 the end of the haft being made flat and thinne, like a cheffell or wedge, the figure 

 whereof is fet forth at the letter B, and a pen or goofe quill cut, to be lefle then halfe 

 round, and to be broad at the end, but not (harpe pointed like a penne, or elfe fuch a 

 peece ot bone or luorie made in that fafhion as the quill is, to bee thinne, hollow, or 



halfe 



