GLANDS. 115 



conclusive, as will appear from the following quotations from his 

 paper. I will add also that I have myself witnessed several undoubted 

 demonstrations of the fact at his hands. 



" After much reflection as to the best plan of determining this 

 point, I adopted the following processes : 1. By injecting watery and 

 etherial solutions into the ureter, I succeeded in bursting the capsule, 

 the Malphighian tuft, or coil, having been previously only slightly 

 and, as was intended, imperfectly injected from the artery. Epi- 

 thelial cells could then be seen upon the uninjected and transparent 

 edges of the tuft, or coil. Plate 24, fig. 1, exhibits a Malpighian 

 tuft. Broken fragments of the injected vessels are seen within it. 

 They had been injected with chrome yellow, and appear black, when 

 the specimen is viewed by transmitted light. The uriniferous tube 

 had been distended by the injection from the ureter, and its expanded 

 extremity or capsule had been burst, and can be perceived lying 

 in shreds at the sides of the tuft, now uncovered by the capsule. 

 Nucleated cells can be seen upon the naked and uninjected parts of 

 the tuft. From the kidney of the black bear, magnified eighty diame- 

 ters." In another specimen, the capsule had been scratched off with 

 a needle, and then the naked tuft somewhat torn under the micro- 

 scope. Some small fragments of the tuft could be seen with nucle- 

 ated cells on their surface. 



Again : " The capsule was torn off from a Malpighian body 

 with a needle. In doing this, the capsule became reversed, so as to 

 give a view of its internal surface, upon which small nucleated cells 

 could be clearly and distinctly seen. The surface of the naked tuft 

 was covered by cells of much larger size than those upon the interior 

 of the capsule. Upon the application of dilute nitric acid, the wall 

 of the cells of the capsule was dissolved, while comparatively little 

 effect was produced upon those of the tuft, thus showing a difference 

 in their chemical constitution and organization? This specimen was 

 taken from the kidney of the racoon, and magnified 400 diameters. 



Again : " Fine scrapings of the kidney of a cat were agitated occa- 

 sionally for two or three days, in a test tube, the water having been 

 frequently changed. By this method, the epithelial cells within the 

 capsule were washed out, so that the space thus left between the 

 tuft and the capsule became filled with water, which had soaked 

 through the capsule. By slight agitation, while the specimen was 



