162 INTESTINAL MUCOUS MEMBRANE. 



thicker than that of the oesophagus ; it is of a pale 

 rose color whilst the organ is empty, but becomes 

 red during digestion. When relaxed, it is thrown 

 into a great number of wrinkles (rug of), which are 

 effaced when the stomach is distended. Its surface 

 is smooth : throughout its whole extent, except near 

 the cardiac orifice, where there are papillae similar to 

 those of the oesophagus (Berres*), and at the pylorus, 

 where flattened villi are found (Krausef ). Its epi- 

 thelium consists of a single layer of cylindrical cells, 

 similar to those of the intestine. The reddish tint, 

 which it derives from the subjacent layers of mus- 

 cular tissue, contrasts strongly with the whiter color 

 of the epithelium of the oesophagus ; the serrated 

 line, at the cardiac orifice of the stomach, which 

 marks the union of these two layers of epithelium, is 

 very distinct. 



Glands. The surface of the gastric mucous membrane is 

 pierced by an infinite number of minute holes, from 

 iio-th to Voth of a line in diameter ; these are the ori- 

 fices of the gastric glands (PL XXV. fig. VII. 1). 

 These glands all belong to the tubular variety, but 

 some of them are single, and others compound. The 

 former (the glands which secrete gastric juice) occupy 

 nearly the whole extent of the membrane, and are 

 the same in form and structure as the follicles of Lie- 

 berkuhn already described. As for the compound 



* Joseph Berres, Professor of Anatomy in the University of Vienna, 

 predecessor and preceptor of Hyrtl, the present occupant of the same 

 chair. Berres died in 1846, leaving an unfinished work on Microsco- 

 pical Anatomy. (Ed.} 



t C. F. J. Krause, Professor of Anatomy at Hanover. (Ed.) 



