168 INTESTINAL MUCOUS MEMBKANE, 



impression that these glands possess outlets. The 

 solitary glands, instead of underlying a depression, on 

 the contrary cause a slight projection of the membrane 

 which covers them, which, with this exception, pre- 

 sents the same appearance as elsewhere (PL XXVI. 

 fig. XII. 1). 

 MUCOUS mem- The mucous membrane of the large intestine is 



brane of large in- .... 



smooth and destitute of villi, and in this respect 

 resembles that of the stomach. Its glandular appa- 

 ratus comprises follicles . of Lieberkuhn and solitary 

 glands, identical with those of the small intestine, 

 only it is to be noticed that its solitary glands corres- 

 pond in situation always with a depression on the 

 surface of the membrane, as we have seen in the 

 patches of Peyer (PL XXVI. fig. XV.). Its vessels 

 present the same appearance and distribution as those 

 of the stomach ; in relation to its nerves nothing pre- 

 cisely is known. 



The intestinal mucous membrane of the abdomen 

 is connected to the muscular coat of the canal by a 

 rather lax stratum of connecting tissue (sub-mucous 

 layer, fibrous coat, nervous coat) in which are im- 

 bedded the glands of Brunner, the ductless follicles 

 solitary and aggregated, and the sub-mucous network 

 of blood-vessels. 



The development of the glands of the intestine 

 takes place by means of minute granulations which 

 spring from its epithelial layer, and in this respect 

 presents a close analogy with the mode of develop- 

 ment of the glands of the skin. 



The mode in which the epithelium of the intestine 

 is reproduced is unknown at the present time ; it is 



