GRAFTA G E. 



01 



This has been used upon the grape. A seed is dropped into a 

 gimlet-hole made near the base of the vine while the sap is 

 flowing in the spring. The seed germinates, and after a 

 time the plantlet unites with the stock. 



DOUBLE-GRAFTING. Grafting upon a grafted tree is 

 known as double-grafting or double-working. It is em- 

 ployed for the purpose of growing a variety upon an 

 uncongenial root or of securing a straight and vigorous 

 stock for a weak and poor grower. Some sorts of pears 

 do not unite well with the quince, and if it is desired to 

 secure dwarfs of these varieties, some variety which 

 unites readily with the quince must first be put upon it. 

 The Angouleme takes well to the quince, and upon 

 Angouleme dwarfs the Seckel and some other varie- 

 ties are often worked. The last cion is usually set 

 after the first one has grown one season, although both 

 may be set at the same time. Double-grafting for the 

 purpose of securing a better growth is often practiced. 

 The Canada Red apple, for instance, is such a poor 

 Fig. 87. grower that it is often stem-worked or top-worked upon 

 Cion for the Northern Spy or some other strong stock. The 

 bark- \v m t er Nelis and the Josephine de Malines pears are 



often double-worked for the same reason. 

 CUTTING-GRAFTING. Cuttage and graftage are combined 

 in various ways. Cuttings of plants which root with diffi- 

 culty are sometimes grafted upon those which root easily. 

 When the plants are transplanted, the following autumn or 

 spring, the nurse or stock can be removed, the cion having taken 

 root. Root-grafting with a long cion, described on a previous 

 page (78), is virtually a grafting of cuttings. In other cases, union 

 with an uncongenial stock is facilitated by allowing the cion to 

 project downwards beyond the point of union and to stand in 

 the soil or moss or a dish of water. Fig. 88 is a good illustration 

 of the practice. The cion extends into the soil nearly as far as 

 the root itself. After union has taken place, the lower part of 

 the cion is removed. This method can be used for some mag- 

 nolias, mulberries, birches, and many other plants of which 

 some kinds root with more or less difficulty. Bottle-grafting, 



