THE NURSERY LIST. 259 



short root-cuttings, which are usually made in the fall, and 

 scattered in drills in frames or in a well-prepared border in 

 spring. Cuttings of firm, nearly mature wood, handled in 

 frames, will grow, but they are not often used. The double 

 varieties are root-grafted upon common stocks of P. Japonica 

 in winter. The plants are then grown on in pots. Common 

 quince (P. Cydonia] stocks are occasionally used, but they 

 are not in favor. 



Quisqualis. Conibretacece. 



'. Increased by heeled cuttings of young shoots in heat. 

 Radish (Raphanus sativus}. Cruciferce. 



Seeds, usually sown where the plants are to grow. 



Ragged Robin. See Lychnis. 

 Ramondia, Myconia. Gesneracece. 

 Propagated by seeds or division. 



Rampion (Campanula Rapunculus}. Campanulaceae. 



Seeds, where the plants are to stand. 

 Ranunculus (Buttercup, Crowfoot). Ranunyulacece. 



Propagated by seeds and by divisions. 

 Raphia. Palmce. 



Seeds. 

 Raphiolepis. Rosacea. 



Increased by seeds, and by cuttings of the growing shoots 

 inserted under cover. 



Raspberry (Rubus neglectus, strigosus and oceidentalis}. Rosacece. 

 New varieties are obtained from seeds, which are washed 

 from the pulp and sown immediately, or stratified. The 

 black-cap varieties are grown mostly from root-tips (Fig. 18) 

 as described on page 32. If the ground is loose and mel- 

 low, the tips will commonly take root themselves, but upon 

 hard ground the tip may have to be held in place by a stone 

 or clod. Some strong-growing varieties, like the Gregg, 



. especially in windy localities, may have to be held down. 

 The red varieties increase rapidly by means of suckers which 

 spring up from the roots. Better plants are obtained by 

 means of root-cuttings, however, as described under Black- 

 berry (see also Fig. 46). Black-caps may be increased by 

 root-cuttings. These cuttings are best handled in warm cold- 

 frames or mild hot-beds, being planted very early in spring. 



