42 University of California Publications in Botany. [VOL. 3 



and narrow back ; their pappus none or caducous. Disk-achenes 

 compressed, silky-hirsute ; their pappus double, the copious inner 

 bristles long, capillary, and scabrous, the outer of short and stout 

 bristles or scales. 



1. H. grandiflora Nutt., Trans. Am. Philos. Soc. ser. 2, vii. 

 315 (18-41). H. floribunda Benth., Bot. Sulph. 24 (1844). 

 Diplopappus scaber Hook., Fl. Bor. Am. ii. 22 (1829), excl. syn. 



Usually simple below, 5 to 20 dm. high : herbage villous-hispid 

 or hirsute, the inflorescence viscid-glandular and strong-scented : 

 leaves ovate, varying to elliptic or oblong, serrate; the radical 

 and lower cauline long-petioled, the upper sessile, commonly with 

 a pair of stipule-like lobes at base: heads numerous and in an 

 open panicle when flowering in the autumn, few and scattered at 

 other seasons : involucre 7 to 9 mm. high : rays about 30 : pappus 

 of disk-flowers as long or longer than the achene, in age brick-red, 

 its outer series inconspicuous. 



A common weed along ditches and in waste places, throughout 

 Southern California except in the mountains. 



It seems inadvisable to take up the name Heterotheca scabra 

 for this species for, although Hooker's Diplopappus scaber ante- 

 dates Xuttall's H. grandiflora by twelve years, it was assigned by 

 Hooker in the belief that his plant was Pursh's Inula scabra (H. 

 subaxillaris Britt. & Rusby), 6 a mere transferral of the specific 

 name being all that was intended. Moreover, De Candolle has 

 used the name HeterotJieca scabra for what now passes as H. 

 subaxillaris, his description plainly applying only to that species, 

 and since our plant has been known as H. grandiflora for some 

 sixty-six years it is perhaps wise to interpret the rules somewhat 

 loosely here in order to retain this name. 



H. SUBAXILLARIS (Lam.) Britton & Rusby is to be expected 

 along our eastern borders. Its stems are densely clothed above 

 with broadly oblong subcordate-clasping leaves, these mostly with- 

 out lobes at base : involucre somewhat canescent : outer pappus of 

 disk-flowers conspicuous. 



off. subaxillaris Britton & Kusby, Trans. N. Y. Acacl. vii. 10 (1887). 

 Inula subaxillaris Lam., Diet. iii. 259 (1789). I. scabra Pursh, Fl. ii. 531 

 (1814). Clirysopsis scabra Nutt., Gen. ii. 15 (1818); Ell., Sketch ii. 339 

 (1824). H. Lamarcliii Cass., Diet. Sci. Nat. xxi. 131 (1821). H. scabra 

 DC., Prodr. v. 317 (1836). 



