126 University of California Publications in Botany. [VOL. 3 



43. GALINSOGA R. & P. 



Annual herbs with opposite leaves and inconspicuous solitary 

 or cymose heads. Involucre nearly hemispheric, of few ovate 

 thin and striate nearly equal bracts in two series and often some 

 additional outer and much smaller ones. Ray-flowers 4 or 5, 

 fertile, with 2 or 3-lobed white ligules, these often very small. 

 Receptacle conical. Pappus of several broad paleae with fim- 

 briate or almost plumose margins, or wanting in the ray-flowers. 



1. G. parviflora Cav., Ic. iii. 41, t. 281 (1794). 



Plant 2 to 6 dm. high, with slender ascending branches, leafy 

 almost throughout: herbage more or less pubescent: leaves thin, 

 ovate to lanceolate, acute, entire or serrate, 2 to 6 cm. long beyond 

 the petiole: heads long-pedunculate, barely 4 mm. high: rays 

 scarcely exserted: achenes black, turbinate, 4 or 5-angled: disk- 

 pappus of 8 to 16 broad paleae nearly as long as the achene. 



Adventive in waste places at Los Angeles (near University 

 Station, and at Vernon) where its appearance was first made in 

 1902, when it was collected by Greata, Braunton, Grant, and 

 others. Native of Mexico and South America. 



44. BALSAMORHIZA Hook. BALSAM ROOT. 



Low perennials with thick roots crowned by a tuft of radical 

 leaves and several naked or few-leaved stems bearing one or 

 several heads of yellow flowers. Bracts of the broad involucre 

 either nearly equal or the outer ones foliaceous. Ray-flowers 

 pistillate and with conspicuous ligules. Achenes destitute of 

 pappus, those of the disk 4-sided. 



1. B. deltoidea Nutt, Trans. Am. Philos. Soc. ser. 2, vii. 351 

 (1841). B. glabrescens Benth., PL Hartweg. 317 (1849). 



Herbage green and more or less scabrous throughout or some- 

 what tomentose below and on the involucres : scapes 2 to 4 or 7 

 dm. high : petiole of radical leaves stout, 1 or 2 dm. long ; blade 

 ovate or lanceolate, cordate at base, 1 to 2 dm. long, 8 to 15 cm. 

 broad, the entire or serrate margins sinuate: cauline leaves few 

 and small, lanceolate with narrowed base : outer bracts of the 

 involucre commonly foliaceous, obtuse or acute, 1.5 to 4 cm. long ; 



