228 University of California Publications in Botany. t v L - 3 



may be either straight or recurved, 1 to 4 cm. long, tomentose or 

 glabrate; secondary fascicled leaves commonly present, small, 

 linear-clavate, glabrous or early glabrate: heads on stout pe- 

 duncles arising from the leaf -axils : involucre about 8 mm. high, 

 usually 6 or 7-flowered ; bracts 5 or 6, the outer ones oblong, the 

 inner ones from broadly oblong to nearly orbicular, all obtuse: 

 achenes with soft white wool nearly equalling the rigid pappus- 

 bristles. 



The most common species of the Desert Area; characteristic 

 of the upper portion of the Lower Sonoran Zone, ace. to Coville : 

 Warren's Well, at the eastern end of the San Bernardino Mts., 

 Brandegee; thence to Oregon, Utah, Arizona, etc. 



5. T. comosa Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. xii. 60 (1876). 



Stems with many virgate branches forming an erect bush 6 to 

 12 dm. high : herbage permanently and densely white-tomentose : 

 earlier primary leaves soft, linear, 2.5 to 5 cm. or more long ; the 

 later ones narrower, rigid and more or less spine-like ; fascicled 

 secondary leaves like those of T. spinosa, or usually absent : heads 

 in close terminal cymes: involucre 8 to 10 mm. high, 6 to 9- 

 flowered ; bracts 5 or 6, oblong, obtuse : long soft wool of the 

 achene concealing the true pappus. 



Scattered throughout the warmer and drier parts of the Sono- 

 ran zones west of the mountains, from Los Angeles Co. to San 

 Diego Co. : Newhall, ace. to Davidson ; Pasadena, ace. to Mc- 

 Clatchie ; Pomona ; West Riverside ; San Bernardino ; Temecula 

 Creek ; Palomar ; Buckmans Springs ; Campo ; San Diego. Also 

 at Lancaster and Hesperia, in the Lower Sonoran Zone of the 

 Mohave Desert, ace. to Parish ; and in Nevada, ace. to Gray. 



95. SENECIO L. GROUNDSEL. 



Herbs or woody plants with alternate leaves and with heads 

 in terminal cymes or rarely solitary. Heads many-flowered, 

 radiate or discoid. Flowers in our species yellow. Involucre 

 cylindrical to campanulate, mostly with 1 or 2 rows of outer erect 

 bracteoles at base, these elongated and exceeding the proper in- 

 volucre in a few non-Californian species. Receptacle flat, naked. 

 Anthers mostly rounded at base. Style-branches truncate. 

 Achenes terete. Pappus of abundant white and soft bristles. 



