238 University of California Publications in Botany. [VOL. 3 



847 ; middle California to British Columbia. Mr. Parish, who 

 thinks that this is an introduced species in his district, writes that 

 it first appeared at San Bernardino about 1884, by a roadside and 

 that it is still confined to the immediate vicinity where first ob- 

 served. It was not reported from Pasadena until 1896. 



2. C. Drummondii (T. & G.) Coville, Contr. U.S. Nat. Herb 

 iv. 142 (1893). Cirsium Drummondii T. & G., Fl. ii. 459 (1843). 

 Cnicus Drummondii Gray, Proc. Am. Acad. x. 40 (1874). C. 

 Hallii Parish, Eryth. vii. 97 (1899) ; not Gray. 



Stem simple, 4 dm. or less high, glabrous and leafy up to the 

 heads, which are terminally clustered : leaves oblong or oblanceo- 

 late in outline, from deeply sinuate-pinnatifid with spinulose 

 lobes to nearly entire, somewhat arachnoid-woolly, especially be- 

 neath: involucre 3.5 to 4 cm. high; its bracts chartaceous, the 

 inner with weak scarious tips which vary from entire and acute 

 to obviously dilated and fimbriate, the outer gradually shorter 

 and becoming ovate, their tips acute and short-spinose : corollas 

 white (or sometimes rose-purple), the lobes not longer than the 

 throat : anthers very acuminate. 



Julian, San Diego Co., Jun. 14, 1894, Brandegee; in meadows 

 at Yucaipe, near Eedlands, Parish, no. 4594 and Greata, no. 571 ; 

 Mt. Pinos, in Ventura and Kern counties, Hall, nos. 6684, 6364; 

 near Santa Maria, Santa Barbara Co., Miss Eastwood, no. 859; 

 north to the Arctic Region. 



Var. acaulescens (Gray) Coville, Contr. U.S. Nat. Herb. iv. 

 142 (1893). Cnicus Drummondii acaulescens Gray, Proc. Am. 

 Acad. x. 40 (1874). Heads smaller, few or several, sessile in thq 

 center of a rosette of radical leaves. Not rare in meadows of the 

 Transition Zone from Lower California north. A mere form, 

 passing directly into the species, with which it sometimes grows, 

 as, for example, on Seymour Creek, Mt. Pinos, at 2000 m. alt. 



3. C. maritimus Elmer, Bot. Gaz. xxxix. 45 (1905). 



Stems succulent, numerous, branched to form a rounded 

 bushy plant 1 m. or so high: herbage clothed with a densely 

 matted white wool : leaves 1 to 3 dm. long, narrowed to the base, 

 from spinosely lobed to deeply pinnatifid ; the segments tapering 

 into long spines and spinose on the margins, the lower gradually 



