The American Apple Orchard 



TABLE OF CONTENTS 



Page 

 I. The Geography of Apple Growing 1 



II. Apple Soils 5 



Exposures 



III. Windbreaks 8 



IV. Winterkilling 14 



V. Starting the Orchard 17 



A Good Nursery Tree. 

 How to Get Trees. 

 Methods of Propagation. 

 Fall vs. Spring Planting. 

 Distances for Planting. 

 Planting Tables. 

 Double Planting. 

 Preparation for Planting. 

 Planting Out the Trees. 

 Double- Working. 



VI. Orchard Cultivation e .... 48 



Objects of Cultivation. 



VII. Methods of Cultivation 63 



Cover Crops 69 



Methods of Management. 

 The Various Crops. 

 Quantity of Seed Per Acre. 



IX. Pruning 77 



High Heads vs. Low Heads. 

 The Framework. 

 The Second Stage. 

 The Fruiting Stage. 

 Odd Years. 



ix 



