IO6 THE AMERICAN APPLE ORCHARD 



set fruit stands erect with- the calyx lobes open. A 

 poison spray properly distributed falls into this calyx 

 cup and the poison lodges there. As many of the 

 young larvae enter the apple by eating in at this blos- 

 som end they secure with their first meal a taste of 

 poison which usually prevents any further apple eating 

 on their part. 



Special attention should be called to the fact that 

 apple trees should not be sprayed while in blossom. 

 Spraying at this time is not always totally without 

 value, but in many instances it is not only unnecessary, 

 but even highly dangerous, to the crop. Under all cir- 

 cumstances it is very likely to poison the bees working 

 on the apple blossoms. This sort of damage is far 

 reaching in many cases ; and as the bee is one of the 

 fruit grower's best friends we cannot afford to murder 

 whole swarms in this way. 



This early spraying, just after the blossoms fall, 

 will not usually -catch quite all the codling moth, even 

 all the first brood. When the second or third brood 

 hatches later in the year a still smaller percentages can 

 be poisoned by the arsenical sprays. Nevertheless it 

 pays to give additional sprayings for this purpose in 

 case the second and third broods appear to be large. 



In many cases it seems to be worth while to supple- 

 ment spraying by the use of bandages on the tree 

 trunks. These are made of burlap or coarse paper, 

 preferably the former. As a considerable number of 

 larvae descend the tree trunks seeking for a place to 

 hide while they pass through the change from larva 

 to moth pupation many of them gather under these 

 bands and can be taken out and destroyed. 



It is also important in the campaign against the 

 codling moth to destroy all windfalls and inferior fruit. 



