SOLUTIONS FOR SPRAYING 147 



5. Solutions or mixtures containing copper sul- 

 phate, arsenate of lead or corrosive sublimate should 

 always be made up or stored in wooden, glass or 

 earthen vessels. Pump cylinders and other working 

 parts of the machinery should be of brass. 



6. Sulphur solutions or the lime-sulphur mixture 

 should be made in iron or wooden vessels ; and it is bet- 

 ter to have pump linings of iron rather than of 

 brass. 



7. "Handle with care" all substances used in spray- 

 ing, as most of them are poisonous some of them 

 very much so. Everything should be kept correctly 

 labeled and preferably put away under lock and key. 



THE SPRAYING CAMPAIGN 



It has been seen that the fruit grower cannot usually 

 wait till a disease or an insect pest becomes estab- 

 lished in his orchard, then diagnose the trouble and 

 apply some specific remedy. The best practice is to 

 lay off a campaign which is intelligently planned to 

 meet all probable troubles, and then to carry out this 

 plan with vigor and thoroughness. In all ordinary cir- 

 cumstances the year's spraying will not vary much 

 from the following program : 



1. In orchards infested with San Jose scale spray 

 in late winter or early spring with lime-sulphur (page 

 I 37)> or possibly with soluble oils (page 144). 



2. In orchards not treated with lime-sulphur ap- 

 ply copper sulphate solution (page 136) just before the 

 buds open. This treatment is important. 



3. Spray again just before the blossoms open, us- 

 ing bordeaux mixture (page 131). If bud moth or 

 similar insects are on hand, add paris green to the 

 bordeaux (page 141). This spraying may be omitted. 



