FEED AND MANAGEMENT. 49 



How confine the cows. I have used neck 

 ties and stanchions, but am discarding them 

 and putting in the Bidwell stall. I do not be- 

 lieve we can afford to use the stanchions, for 

 they do not help us to get past the 300-lb. 

 mark, and that is what we must do if we make 

 it pay. 



With a warm stable, well lighted and ven- 

 tilated, plenty of silage, early-cut clover hay 

 and warm water to drink, I have very little 

 need of a veterinarian in my dairy. The cows 

 must be made comfortable at all times and in 

 all places. Any failure here the cow will ac- 

 count to you for daily by a shortage in milk 

 and butter-fat. The cow can make her wants 

 known to a man that is using his brains in his 

 work. Here is a great field for thought and 

 study to improve on our present methods. 



Seeking a milk test. Several years ago I 

 had an experience with abortion in my dairy. 

 1 then had sixty cows that I had worked sev- 

 eral years in getting up to my idea of what a 

 cow should be.' The first cow lost her calf in 

 July and between that time and the following 

 June thirty-five of the sixty cows aborted. 

 This broke my dairy up badly, as many of the 

 cows failed to breed, became fat and dried up 

 with their milk, and I was compelled to sell 

 them for beef. About this time I commenced 

 to take my milk to one of our creameries and 



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