SKIM-MILK. 187 



time. A summary of results shows that when 

 live weight sells for four and one-half cents per 

 pound the average of the seven calves returned 

 three-fourths of a cent per quart for the skim- 

 milk fed. This would be the same as 35 cents per 

 100 Ibs. These calves were fed ten weeks and 

 gained an average of one and one-half pounds 

 per day. 



Dr. Goessman's comments on the results I 

 use entire : 



The experiments have shown that calves grown upon 

 skim-milk alone or upon skim-milk and grains during the 

 first eight weeks of their lives make good gains in live 

 weight, namely, from 0.9 to 2.13 Ibs. per day, with an aver- 

 age of 1.49 Ibs. These animals, however, put on very little 

 fat, either when fed on skim-milk alone or when fed on skim- 

 milk and grains. They were not able to digest the neces- 

 sary amount of corn-meal, Buffalo gluten feed, or wheat 

 flour or middlings, when fed in connection with the nitrog- 

 enous milk, to promote the formation of fat. 



The meat of the animals thus described was quite white 

 in appearance, but not as tender as calves that were fed 

 whole milk. The ribs and flanks of animals thus fed were 

 thinner than those consuming whole milk, and the shrinkage 

 in dressing is from 5 to 7 per cent more. 



Butchers offered from 4 to 4i cents per pound of live 

 weight, whole-milk veal being worth at the time 5i to 6 

 cents per pound. It is to be remarked, however, that at 

 retail as much per pound was charged for the skim-milk as 

 for the whole-milk veal. It will be noticed that when skim- 

 milk veal, so called, brought 4 cents per pound of live weight, 

 an average of 0.63 of a cent per quart, or 2.52 cents per gal- 

 lon, was obtained for the skim-milk fed; while when live 

 weight brought 4 cents per pound the return for the skim- 

 milk was 0.76 of a cent per quart, or 3 cents per gallon. 

 When the skim-milk was fed to pigs, and dressed pork 



