OF THE SEXUAL ORGANS. 77 



cles may fail to become developed in them, and that necessarily oc- 

 casions sterility. 



196. The tubes are rarely found wanting, nor do they often de- 

 viate from their ordinary direction; but they occasionally become 

 accidentally closed, sometimes near the ovary, and at others at a 

 point nearer to the uterus. 



197. M. Renauldin gives a very remarkable case of absence of 

 the uterus: the cervix alone existed in a rudimental state. This 

 fact is confirmatory of those previously reported by Bousquet, The- 

 den, Engle, Lieutaud, M. Caillot, and of the one recently made 

 public by M. Breschei. Sometimes the womb is very much elon- 

 gated, as in the monkeys; it is oftener found divided into two equal 

 or unequal portions, either partially or completely, internally or only 

 externally, and sometimes on both surfaces at once. Sometimes 

 there is a sort of accidental sac superadded to the natural organ, 

 into which it opens, as in the case related by Dionis; or, on the 

 contrary, with which it has no communication, as in the example 

 given by Canestrini. Most generally, the division is at the median 

 line, either externally and at the fundus, as in one instance furnished 

 in the Leipsic Commentaries and another related by Eisenmann, 

 or on the posterior surface, as in Morgagni's case, or on the fundus 

 and both surfaces at the same time; and then the womb, really two- 

 horned, resembles more or less that of the quadrupeds. Sometimes 

 the division comprises only the superior part of the organ, which at 

 other times is separated quite down, into two portions; sometimes 

 the two horns unite at an acute angle, and touch at their corres- 

 ponding surfaces; in other cases they affect a transverse position, 

 and only unite at the upper end of the vagina, so as to form the cer- 

 vix. Internally, the septum is also far from being always of the 

 same magnitude. At times it is only a little spur that divides the 

 fundus of the uterine cavity into two sinuses, as in the example cited 

 by Eisenmann. In the specimen deposited at the Museum of the 

 Faculty, by M. Dupuytren, it is simply represented by a double me- 

 dian crest, attributable to an hypertrophy of the natural vertical 

 columns of the cavities of the body and cervix. This septum may 

 stop at the superior part of the cervix uteri, or descend as low as 

 into the vagina; it may be complete, and divide the womb into two 

 perfectly distinct cavities, or may be pierced in some portion of its 

 length, and allow one of the cavities to communicate freely with the 

 other. The neck itself may be single, as in the instances related by 

 Bauhin, Sylvius, Riolan, Celti, Purcell, Marquet, Ferlan, Tiedemann, 

 Madame Boivin; or double, as in the cases of Grosel, Mademoiselle 

 De la Marche, Cruger, Bartholin, Haller, Litre, De Tressan, Eisen- 



8 



