The Cultivation of the Fruit-Farm 159 



small white moth which sucks the life out of the leaf 

 of the vine. Happily this destructive insect, which, 

 unchecked, will transform a vineyard into a ruin of 

 seemingly fire-swept rows, with withered grapes, 

 is completely destroyed by the Bordeaux mixture 

 with nicotine added in small quantity. Its ravages 

 are no longer feared. 



The composition of spraying material for various 

 specific purposes and the machine that shall be used 

 sooner or later compel the fruit-grower's attention. 

 The preparation of the spray; the ingredients, 

 the particular application, and the proper time of 

 spraying are adequately set forth in the Bulletins 

 to which I have already referred. The selection 

 of a machine is a matter of some difficulty. The 

 qualities desired in a machine are efficiency and 

 cheapness, but as yet no machine is inexpensive, 

 and all are not effective. The types on the mar- 

 ket are run by horse-power engendered by the mo- 

 tion of the wheels of the sprayer, or by steam power, 

 or gasoline power producing steam. Either coal 

 or gasoline is preferable to horse-power and the 

 steam-power machines work when the machine is 

 stationary as it must be for the spraying of trees, 

 or when the team is drawing the machine along the 

 rows of trees or vines. The fluid must be ejected 

 as finest mist or spray and must thoroughly drench 

 the plant. While spraying is a labor, it is not, with 

 the best type of power machine, a prohibitive 

 labor. So far as I know there is not on the market 

 a machine which is first-class in every particular — 



