58 GLOSSOLOGY. 



I shall have been ; es or esto, be thou -,fuisse, to have been ', futurus, 

 about to be. Creare, to create, in like manner forms creo, I create ; 

 creavi, I have created ; creabo, I shall or will create ; creem, I may 

 create ; c.reari, to be created : and numerous other parts. The fol- 

 lowing is the Lord's Prayer in Latin; by the first two words of which 

 it is often designated. 



Pater noster, qui es in coelis, sanctificetur nomen tuum : adveniat 

 regnum tuum : fiat voluntas tua, sicut in coelo et in terra : panem 

 nostrum quotidianum da nobis hodie : et remitte nobis dcbita nos- 

 tra, sicut et nos remittimus debitoribus nostris et ne nos inducas 

 in tentationem, sed libera nos a malo : quia tuum est regnum et 

 potentia et gloria, in secula. flmen. 



The signification of these words is as follows. Pater, father : nos- 

 ter, our : qui, who : es, art; (from the verb esse, to be): in, in : coelis, 

 the heavens; (from coelum, heaven): sanctificetur, may it be hal- 

 lowed; (from sanctifico, I make holy, and this from sanctus, holy) : 

 nomen, name : tuum, thy; (neuter gender of tuus, thy), jldveniat, may 

 it come; (from advenio, I approach): regnum, kingdom : ^af, let 

 it be done; (homjio, I become; Jit, it becomes, or it is done) : vo- 

 luntas, will; (a noun of the feminine gender) : sicut, as : et, and or 

 also. Panem, bread ; (ace. case of panis): quotidianum, daily : da, 

 give; (from do, I give): nobis, to us; (dative case of nos, we) : ho- 

 die, this day. Remitte, remit; (from remitto, I send back) : debita, 

 debts; (from debitum, a debt) : ne, not: inducas, mayst thou lead; 

 (from induco, I lead) : tentatio, temptation : sed, but : libera, liberate ; 

 (from libero, I liberate): a, from : malum, evil : quia, because : po- 

 tentia, power : gloria, glory : in secula, for ages, or forever. 



The Italian language, is derived immediately from the Latin ; dif- 

 fering from it in the introduction of a few Gothic words, but chiefly 

 in abbreviating the terminations of words, and using short auxiliary 

 words, to supply their place. The Italic or sloping characters, which 

 we occasionally use, are evidently a slight modification of the Roman. 

 This language was for ages a mere corruption of the Latin, and called 

 by the learned, " the vulgar tongue." Sismondi dates its origin at 

 about 1 140 ; under Roger I. of Sicily. Spinello's History, commenced 

 in 1247, was the first learned work in Italian prose; and the Divina 

 Comedia of Dante, written about 1300, stamped the language with 

 character and permanency. This work gave a predominance to the 

 Tuscan dialect ; though it is more guttural than the others. It is, 

 however, spoken the most accurately at Rome ; as implied by the pro- 

 verb, " Lingua Toscana in bocca Pomana:" or the Tuscan tongue 

 in a Roman mouth, the beau ideal of Italian. This language abounds 

 in vowels and liquids ; is soft and smooth, and admirably suited for 

 music, poetry, and improvisation. 



The Italians pronounce the vowels as we have mentioned for the 

 Latin, except u, which they pronounce like our oo in moon. They 

 pronounce c before e, and i, like our ch in charm; cc like t,ch ; and 

 ch, like k. They pronounce g before e ; and i, like ourj; g, like 

 dj ; gh, like g hard ; and /*, in Italian, is always silent. They use 

 j, only as a vowel, instead of i or ii ; and the letters k, w, x, and y, 

 are not found in their language. They pronounce z like dz or tz, 



