156 ACONITUM. 
longitudinal section; 5, a nectary; 6, stamens; 7, a gyncecium; 8, a mature fruit with 
the dried up persistent sepals; 9, a seed, back view; 10, longitudinal section of a seed ; 
11, a portion of a pedicel; 12, transverse section of a tuber—all enlarged. 
(1 and 12, from Chumbi, Kung-met, King’s бой. 306; 2—11, from Sikkim, Palung 
plains, J. D. Hooker.) 
11. Асохітом parmatom D. Don Prod. Fl. Nep. (1825), 196. Royle Il. Himal. 
pp. 47, 57; Hook. fil. Himal. Journ. i, p. 168; Hook. fil. & Thoms. ЕІ. 
Ind. i, p. 56; Fl. Brit. Ind. i., p. 28 (excl. syn.,; Watt Dict. Econ. 
Prod. India, i, p. 98 and in Agric. Ledger, 1902, No. 3, p. 89; Dymock, 
Warden & Hooper,  Pharmacogr. Ind, p. 18; Goris in Bull, Sc. 
Pharmacol. iii (1901), p. 112 (excl. syn. A. Zale), fig. 29. 
А. ferox subsp. palmatum, Brühlin Ann. Roy. Bot. Gard. Cale. v. ii, p. 111, 
plate 111, figs. 9—18, 24, 25, 81. 
Aconitum sp. Dymock Mat. Med. W. India, 1st ed., p. 9; 2nd ed, p. 6. 
Caltha Bisma Hamilt. in Edinb, Journ. Science (1824), p. 251. 
Niriisia Bisma G. Don Gen. Syst. i, p. 63. 
[ТҮРЕ specimens: Wallich 4723A !, collected by E. Gardner's collectors on Gossaing- 
than, Nepal; in Wallich’s own herbarium at the Linnean Society and at Kew and 
Calcutta. } 
Roots biennial, paired, tuberous; daughter-tuber shortly conic to long-cylindric, often 
irregularly shaped, 4 to more than 10 em. long, 075—8 em. thick, simple or branched, 
sometimes flexuous or twisted, bearing root-fibres, some of which are threadlike from the 
base and break off easily, while others are much thickened at the base or thick-cylindrie, 
light-brown, smooth, fracture more or less horny and brownish in the thickest part of 
full-grown samples, almost farinaceous and white towards the tips and in the root-branches 
cambium discontinuous forming isolated strands of very varying shape and = 
cylindric or tangentially flattened or crescent-shaped in cross-section, taste purely iid 
persistently bitter; mother-tubers similar, but smaller, shrunk, usually more or less hollow 
and brown internally. Jnnovation-bud short, conie from а broad base. Stem erect 
sometimes slightly fleruous in the upper part, simple, or nearly so, inclusive of the 
inflorescence 2—4 feet high, stout, hollow, glabrous, shining. Leaves scattered, rather 
distant, up to 10, rarely more, the lowest usually withered at the time of few stig quite 
glabrous, or the uppermost finely pubescent on the nerves below; petioles slender Pe 
em. long; blade orbicular-cordate to reniform with a very wide sinus (1—2 ME deep) 
TTC em. high from the sinus to the tip, 7—15 em. across, 5- or (the ат 
3-palmati-partite to $ ог $, rarely more (to $ in the inner incisions), divisions obovut 
cuneate to broadly lanceolate-cuneate or the outermost trapezoid кыы | ovute- 
а | pot Ae , o about the 
middle or the outermost 2-lobed, intermediate lobe often elongated like i 
P didt : 5 e the others 
acutely inciso-dentate or apiculately creneate, Inflorescence a very loose, leaf :cl 
raceme, 10—20 em. long, glabrous, or pubescent in the upper part; rhachis rii t Wand ы 
floral leaves like the preceding cauline leaves, passing into the бта от delt id de k 
shortly petioled bracts; bracteoles similar to the bracts, but small v l1 
: А › aller, and sparing] 
dentate or entire, above the middle of the pedicels or even close to the f : PAREI 7. 
slender, curved, ascending, ultimately more erect, the lower n ne Hower; pedicels ` 
š : š ct, р to10 сш. long. Sepal 
blueish or variegated white and blue, glabrous at least outside; uppe hel : iex 
helmet obliquely semiorbieular (from the side >; uppermost he met-shaped, 
| | ) or more depressed and gaping, very 
