186 GEOGRAPHY. 



Provinces. Stf- JMles. Inhab. I Provinces. Sg. Miles. Inhab 



Upper Canada* 100,000. .400,000 jNova Scotia 18,800. . 160,000 



Lower Canada* 250,000. .600,000 Prince Edward's Is 2,200. . .40,000 



New Brunswick 28,000. . 140,000 Newfoundland 36,000. . .80,000 



Prince Edtoard's Island, was formerly called St, Johns ; but the 

 name was changed, when it became a distinct province. The island 

 of Cape Breton, is attached to Nova Scotia; and Anticosti, to 

 Lower Canada. The chief towns in these provinces, are, of Upper 

 Canada, Kingston, and Toronto, formerly called York ; of Lower 

 Canada, Quebec, and Montreal ; of New Brunswick, Frederickton, 

 the capital, and St. Johns; of Nova Scotia, Halifax; of Prince 

 Edward's Island, Charlotte Town; and of Newfoundland, St. 

 Johns. The inhabitants of Lower Canada, are chiefly of French 

 descent, and Catholics ; but the other parts were mostly settled by 

 the British. The chief trade is in timber and furs. 



2. The United States of America, comprise, at present, 

 twenty-six states, and three organized territories; besides the dis- 

 trict of Columbia, and the extensive western region, still inhabited 

 by the aborigines or Indians. The principal mountains are, the 

 Rocky, or Chippewayan, in the west ; and the Mleghany range in 

 the east ; besides the White Mountains, Green Mountains, Catskill 

 Mountains, Blue Ridge, Laurel and Chesnut Hills, and the Cum- 

 berland Mountains. The largest rivers are, the Mississippi, with its 

 tributaries, the Missouri, Ohio, Arkansas, and Red River ; which 

 together discharge the waters of the great central basin into the 

 Gulf of Mexico; and the Columbia River, in the extreme west, 

 flowing into the Pacific Ocean. On the eastern coast, are the Penob- 

 scot, Kennebec, Connecticut, Hudson, Delaware, Susquehanna, Po- 

 tomac, James, Roanoke, Pedee, Santee, Savannah, and Alatamaha, 

 or Altamaha ; and into the Gulf of Mexico, flow the Apalachicola, 

 Alabama, Pascagoula, and Pearl rivers. The Tennessee, Cumber- 

 land, and Wabash, flow into the Ohio ; and the Kaskaskia, Illinois, 

 and Wisconsin, into the upper Mississippi. The St. Lawrence, is 

 the outlet of the large lakes, mentioned under the British Provinces ; 

 as also of lakes Michigan, and Champlain, which lie wholly within 

 the United States. Long Island, the largest belonging to the United 

 States, is a part of New York. 



The largest cities, in the United States, are New York, Philadel- 

 phia, Baltimore, Boston, and New Orleans ; and next to these in 

 size, are Cincinnati, Pittsburg, Charleston, and Albany. New 

 York, containing 300,000 inhabitants, is the largest city in America. 

 The Canals and Railroads of the United States, are too numerous to 

 be here mentioned ; but the total length of the former now completed, 

 is not less than 2,500; and of the latter, 3,500 miles; besides about 

 135,000 miles of common post roads. The annual revenue is 20 or 

 25 million dollars; the exports about 110 millions; and the imports 

 about 120 millions of dollars. There are in the United States about 

 880 banks, including branches, with an authorized capital of 440 



* These two provinces, the boundary between which was the Utawas River, 

 were united in one, on the 10th of February, 1841 ; Kingston being now the seat 

 of Government. 



