AMERICAN. 241 



Ayres ; and Liniers was declared viceroy ; but deposed soon after- 

 ward. In 1811, a Congress was assembled, which, in 1814, ap- 

 pointed Pozadas Supreme Director of the republic, with an execu- 

 tive council. In 1816, a Congress met at Tucuman, appointed 

 Pueyrredon director, and declared the independence of the United 

 Provinces; which was recognized by the United States, in 1822. 

 The name was changed, in 1826, to the Argentine Republic ; and 

 Rivadavia was chosen president. A war with Brazil, on account 

 of the Banda Oriental, led to a civil war, which resulted, in 1830, in 

 the elevation of General Quiroga as dictator or governor ; though 

 his power was chiefly confined to the province of Buenos Ayres. 

 General de Rosas is now governor of that province, and charged 

 with the foreign relations of the Argentine Republic : but the other 

 provinces are in fact independent. 



Paraguay, was granted to the Jesuits, in the beginning of the 

 17th century ; and was entirely under their control, till they were 

 defeated by the united Spanish and Portuguese armies, in 1756. 

 Paraguay was included, in 1778, in the viceroyalty of La Plata; and 

 so continued, till the Revolution. In 1813, Paraguay was pro- 

 claimed an independent republic, under two consuls, Yegros and 

 Dr. Francia. At the end of the year, Dr. Francia caused himself to 

 be named dictator for three years, and at the end of that term, for 

 life. In 1826, he made a formal declaration of the independence of 

 Paraguay ; of which he continued the dictator, or sovereign, until 

 his death in 1840. 



Uruguay, formerly called the Banda Oriental, was originally 

 settled by a Spanish colony from Buenos Ayres ; but soon became a 

 subject of contention between Spain and Portugal ; though retained 

 by the former. This province took part with Buenos Ayres, in 

 effecting the Revolution : but separating itself from that state, in 

 1815, under General Artigas, it was invaded and held in subjection 

 by Brazil, until 1826; when General Rivera, aided by Buenos 

 Ayres, raised the standard of independence. By the peace of Rio 

 Janeiro, in 1828, the Banda Oriental became a separate republic, 

 under the name of Monte Video, which it afterwards changed to the 

 Oriental Republic of Uruguay ; of which General Rivera (or Ri- 

 beira) is now president. 



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