276 BIOGRAPHY. 



George R. Minot, of Massachusetts, in 1802 ; William Gordon, of 

 Massachusetts, in 1807 ; Dr. David Ramsay, of South Carolina, in 

 1815; and Samuel Williams, of Vermont, died in 1817. Rev. 

 Mid Holmes, of Massachusetts, the annalist, died in 1837. Of 

 United States poets, Joel Barlow, of Connecticut, died in 1812 ; 

 Colonel David Humphreys, of Connecticut, in 1818; and John 

 Trumbull, of Connecticut, died at Detroit, in 1831. Robert Treat 

 Paine, of Massachusetts, the second of that name, died in 1811. 

 Charles Brockden Brown, of Pennsylvania, the novelist, died in 

 1809. Many of our distinguished poets and novelists are still living ; 

 some of whom will be referred to in our next department. 



Among the scientific men whom our country has produced, besides 

 the immortal Franklin, Professor John Winthrop, of Massachusetts, 

 the astronomer, died in 1779 ; David Rillenhouse, of Pennsylvania, 

 died in 1796 ; Rev. President John Ewing, of Pennsylvania, died 

 in 1802 ; Rev. President Samuel Webber, of Massachusetts, died in 

 1810; Professor Alexander M. Fisher, of Yale College, was lost 

 at sea in 1822 ; and Dr. Nathaniel Bowditch, of Massachusetts, died 

 in 1838. Of American naturalists, John Bartram, of Pennsylvania, 

 died in 1777; Alexander Wilson, of Pennsylvania, in 1813; Dr. 

 Benjamin S. Barton, of Pennsylvania, in 1815 ; William Bar tram, 

 of Pennsylvania, died in 1823 ; Dr. John Godman, of Pennsylvania, 

 died in 1830 ; and Dr. Samuel L. Mitchell, of New York, died in 

 1831. Of other distinguished physicians of the United States, Dr. 

 Zabdiel Boylston, of Massachusetts, died in 1766 ; Dr. John Mor- 

 gan, of Pennsylvania, in 1789 ; Dr. William Bull, of South Caro- 

 lina, in 1791 ; Dr. John Redman and Dr. William Shippen, of 

 Pennsylvania, in 1808; Dr. Benjamin Rush, of Pennsylvania, in 

 1813; Dr. Caspar Wistar, of Pennsylvania, in 1818; Dr. Samuel 

 Bard, of New York, in 1821 ; Dr. David Hosack, of New York, in 

 1835 ; and Dr. Philip Sing Physick, of Pennsylvania, died in 1837. 



In the useful, as well as the fine arts, our country has contributed 

 its share of distinguished names. Thomas Godfrey, of Pennsylva- 

 nia, inventor of the quadrant, died in 1746. Robert Fulton, of New 

 York, the first successful inventor of the steamboat, died in 1815; 

 and Oliver Evans, of Pennsylvania, the pioneer in this invention, 

 died in 1819. Eli Whitney, of Massachusetts, inventor of the cotton 

 gin, died in 1825. Of distinguished painters, Edward G. Malbone, 

 of Rhode Island, died in 1807 ; John Singleton Copley, of Massa- 

 chusetts, died in 1815; Benjamin West, of Pennsylvania, after- 

 wards president of the English Royal Academy, died in 1820; 

 Charles Wilson Peale, of Pennsylvania, also a naturalist, and 

 founder of the first American Museum, died in 1827 ; and Gilbert 

 Stuart, of Rhode Island, died in 1828. The numerous distinguished 

 names of men who still adorn our country, in literature, science, and 

 the arts, we here forbear to repeat. 



2. Our sketch of the Biography of Spanish and Portuguese 

 America, will necessarily be very brief and imperfect. Fernando 

 Cortez, the conqueror of Mexico, died neglected, in Spain, in 1554. 

 hurrigaray, and after him Venegas, were the last Spanish viceroys, 

 before Mexico became independent. The priest Hidalgo, who 



