PHYSICAL PARADOXES. 



which pierces the stopper, by passing a piece of 

 bent wire along it. 



If the water be boiled with the flasks in the 

 position shown at A, the steam will clear out 



the air from both 

 flasks, which can 

 then be connected 

 and placed in the 

 position B C. 



B forms a better 

 condenser than the 

 usual upper half of 

 the hot- water flask, 

 giving more area and 

 a steadier applica- 

 tion of cold, and thus 

 producing brisker 

 boiling. C gives a 

 clearer view of the 

 boiling, as there is 

 no water pouring 

 over it. And the 



condensing water lies under no suspicion of 

 having helped by contact to produce the re- 

 markable cooling of the water in C. 



FIG. 34. WATER BOILED BELOW 

 BOILING HEAT UNDER 

 REDUCED PRESSURE. 



4. More Cooling with less Cold Water. 



If the man in the street (without whose 

 assistance no speech or book would now be 

 complete) were asked which would be the 



148 



