342 PEAR GROWING IN CALIFORNIA. 



In the figure it will be seen that the original plan was to have pipes 

 laid every twelve rows in an easterly and westerly direction through- 

 out the orchard, these pipes branching from a main lead in the center 

 of the orchard, extending throughout its length in a northerly and 

 southerly direction from point B in main lead from warehouse. Ser- 

 vice cocks were to have been placed every 10 rows. This plan 

 required the use of 125-foot leads of hose, which were found too long 

 for one man to handle. In order that this difficulty might be over- 

 come the pipes were laid 8 rows or 8 rods apart with hose connections 

 every 5 rows, so that 40 trees are now sprayed from each lead, which 

 is only 75 feet and which can be readily handled by one man. The 

 depth of pipes is about 18 inches. 



Cost of Installation Mr. Gammon states that the cost of his system, 

 exclusive of the motor, was about $5,000. This cost may seem pro- 

 hibitive to some, but when the permanence of the system, the saving 

 in cost of spraying, the saving in time and material, and general 

 efficiency are considered, it is probable that any paying orchard of 

 50 acres or more will justify the installation. He has pointed out 

 only one difficulty that has been encountered since beginning opera- 

 tions with his plant and that is leakage in the valves, which are 

 rapidly damaged by the grinding of a granular spray forced through 

 the pipes under high pressure. 



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