142 THE SCIENCE OF LIFE. 



ily, the Rose family, the Syringa, the Passion-flower, 

 Cactus, etc. 



3.) COROLLIFLOR^E. Calyx and corolla present ; pet- 

 als united, bearing the stamens ; as the Honeysuckle, 

 Madder, Teazel, Composite family, Heaths, etc. 



4. MONOCHLAMYDE^:, (Monos, one ; chlamus, a cloak, 

 or covering.) Sometimes called INCOMPLET/E. Corolla 

 wanting ; a calyx or simple perianth present. (Even 

 this sometimes absent.) It is divided into two sec- 

 tions : 



A. Angiospermce. Seeds contained in an ovary, as 

 Amaranth, Phytolacca, Buckwheat, Laurel, Begonia, 

 Nettle, Fig, and the Catkin-bearing family. 



B. Gymnospermce. Seeds naked. Their woody tissue 

 is marked by disks, (Chap. IV. Sec. 9 ;) as the Coniferae 

 and Cycas family. 



3. Among the INCOMPLETE Exogens, belonging to 

 the section of Gymnosperms, or naked-seeded Exogens, 

 are found the Cycas family, (CYCADACEvE,) which greatly 

 resemble the Palms and Tree-ferns, and the Cone-bear- 

 ing family, (CONIFERS,) divided into the Fir and Spruce 

 tribe, (Abietinea^) the Cypress tribe, (Cupressineaf) the 

 Yew tribe, (Taxinece, and the Joint-fir tribe, (Gnetacece^ 



The Coniferous plants are noble trees or evergreen 

 shrubs, and furnish valuable timber and other important 

 products, as turpentine, pitch, and resin. The Pine (Fig. 

 59) is one of the most perfect trees of the forest, con- 

 sidered in respect to its beauty and uses. " Its charac- 

 ter and glory," writes Mr. Ruskin, " consist in its right 

 doing of its hard duty, and forward climbing into those 

 spots of forlorn hope where it alone can bear witness of 



