THE HUMAN TYPE. 281 



CHAPTER XVI. 



THE HUMAN T Y P E . 



The master-work, the end 

 Of all yet done ; a creature, who, not prone 

 And brute as other creatures, but endued 

 With sanctity of reason, might erect 

 His stature, and upright with front serene 

 Govern the rest, self-knowing ; and from thence 

 Magnanimous, to correspond with Heaven, 

 But grateful to acknowledge whence his good 

 Descends; thither with heart, and voice, and eyes 

 Directed in devotion, to adore 

 And worship God Supreme, who made him chief 

 Of all his works. MILTON. 



1. IN the rapid panoramic survey of living forms, 

 which is all our limits will allow, we have mainly con- 

 fined ourselves to structural forms, barely glancing at 

 the instinctive peculiarities which determine these forms 

 for special ends. It is necessary to supplement our re- 

 view by a reference to functions and endowments which 

 the structure itself may not always indicate. 



2. Biology includes not only Anatomy and Physiology, 

 but Psychology also. " The naturalist studies the in- 

 stincts of the Ants and the Bees. When he attempts 

 the history of Man, shall he put aside that which in him 

 represents these instincts ? Evidently not. Consequent- 

 ly he must not stop with the body. He must consider 

 the intelligence which is in us, and which, up to a cer- 

 tain point, we have in common with animals; he must 



show that it is this element of our being which recog- 

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