SCIENCE AND REVOLUTION 



But capitalism, like all other things in the uni- 

 verse, also begets its own negation. The mod- 

 ern working class, the negative force of capitalist 

 society, but the positive force of evolution at this 

 stage, abolishes the profit-system, transforms the 

 capitalists into workers, and makes itself the 

 positive force of the new social organization. 



The negation of the capitalist class and the 

 domination of the proletariat as the new positive 

 force is at the same time the final negation of all 

 class-struggles, so that conscious co-operation 

 becomes the new law in social evolution and nat- 

 ural selection operates under radically changed 

 social conditions. 



But the abolition of class-struggles is not the 

 negation of the struggle for existence against 

 the forces of nature. Conscious human co-opera- 

 tion in the struggle against nature merely inau- 

 gurates a new cycle of cosmic evolution. This 

 cycle cannot end in the abolition of the universal 

 struggle, because the universe, being infinite, al- 

 ways generates the elements for new negations. 

 Yet each new negation henceforth implies the im- 

 proved co-operation of human beings in the 

 control of evolutionary processes. For when the 

 proletariat as a class awakes to class-conscious- 

 ness, humanity to that extent awakes to world 



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