6 CONTENTS 



PAGE 



Wyville Thomson ridge The physiology of the North Sea. 



III. The tidal currents of the Channel Vertical currents. 



IV. The physiology of the African Atlantic. V. Plankton 

 Composition and physiology. VI. Its distribution and 

 functions in relation to ocean currents. VII. The condi- 

 tions of the formation of plankton. VIII. Plankton as an 

 accumulator of energy The problem of the alimentation of 

 marine species The cycle of oceanic life The hygiene of 

 the seas. 



CHAPTER IV 

 FACTORS OF DESTRUCTION . . ^ . 101 



I. The depopulation of our native waters The impoverish- 

 ment of the North Sea. II. Natural causes of such depopu- 

 lation : sudden migrations, modifications of the sea- bottom, 

 voracious fish and mammals. III. The damage done by 

 seines and drift-nets The otter-trawl in relation to flat- 

 fish and spawning-grounds. IV. The ox-net or Mediterra- 

 nean bag-trawl and the shrimp-trawl The small fishers 

 responsible. 



CHAPTER V 

 FISHERY LAWS . . . . . . .117 



I. The territorial waters of the Hague Convention (1883) 

 The fisheries police in France and the decrees of 1853 

 and 1862. II. A curious attempt at protecting the nurseries 

 in neutral waters : the English Parliament and the Moray 

 Firth. III. Essential measures : universal interdiction 

 along the coast of all destructive devices, and universal 

 protection of territorial waters. 



CHAPTER VI 

 REPOPULATION OF FISHING-GROUNDS . . . .127 



I. Reservations or cantonnements Their utility. II. The 

 movements of the "ground" species and the "marked fish" 

 of St. Andrews Bay Transplantations of plaice on the 

 Dogger Bank. III. The plaice of Lumfjord The valli of 

 Comacchio, the valli of Venetia, and the salt-water pools 

 and lagoons of the French coast. IV. The fishponds of 

 Arcachon and the "fish marshes" of Vendee Their history, 

 description, and use The fish-ponds of the Atlantic coast 

 and the shores of Languedoc. V. Conclusion. 



