THE OCEAN FEEDING-GKOUNDS 73 



At Concarneau, according to M. Legendre, the tem- 

 perature reaches its maximum, in summer, between the 

 hours of 2.0 p.m. and 5.0 p.m., and its minimum shortly 

 before sunrise. The tide has more influence upon the 

 time of the maximum in the estuaries than along the 

 coast. Along the coast of the Landes M. Hautreux has 

 obtained the following data : 



Winter. Summer. 



Surface 51-8 71-6 



10 fathoms 51-8 66'2 



15 fathoms 50*14 60-89 



20 fathoms 50-02 60-89 



30 fathoms 50*09 55*49 



In the Mediterranean, during the month of July, I have 

 taken the following temperatures : from the surface down 

 to 50 fathoms I have obtained the following figures : 

 57*2 to 64*4 at 20 fathoms, 56*84 at 25 fathoms, and 

 55*4 at 50 fathoms. Below a depth of about 160 

 fathoms the depth of the Straits of Gibraltar the 

 thermometer remains constant at 54*86. From the 

 enormous mass of statistics relating to the oceanography 

 of the North Sea published by the " Permanent Inter- 

 national Council for the Exploration of the Ocean" I 

 have selected these figures : 



February. May. August. November. 



Surface ... 37*4-44 f 6 44'6-48*2 53*6-62*2 



10 fathoms ... 37'4-44'6 42'8-48*2 44*6-62*2 



20 fathoms ... 39*2 44*6 41 48*2 44*6 53*6 



30 fathoms ... 4i-44'6 4i-46'4 44'6-5o 



40 fathoms ... 4i-44*6 



50 fathoms ... 42^ 



In the Newfoundland waters in summer the waters of 

 the Gulf Stream are relatively extremely warm (64-4, 68, 

 and 69-8), while those of Cabot's current are relatively 



