CHAPTER VII 

 FISHERY AND SCIENCE 



I. Piscifacture Its principle and methods Criticism of its results 

 The laboratory of Flodwig. II. Azote in the economy of the 

 ocean The Conference of Stockholm (1899), and the Christiania 

 programme (1901) Theory and practice Fishery charts. 

 III. The fishery schools of the French coast Professional and 

 technical instruction New fishing-grounds. 



WE cannot, on general considerations, trace a very 

 definite line between science and industry. For this 

 reason I have chosen a very special criterion to divide 

 this chapter from the last : a criterion of an economic 

 order, which gives rise to the two following definitions : 

 industrial intervention concerns all phenomena which 

 manifest themselves by a pecuniary return, have a 

 separate existence, and an immediate social value. 

 Scientific intervention, not seeking a pecuniary return, 

 is subject to the protection of private, public, or collec- 

 tive wealth, but endeavours to acquire a social value. 



I 



Piscifacture may legitimately claim to be of social 

 value. It goes further than pisciculture, which limits 

 itself to rearing fish ; it endeavours to " manufacture " 

 fish. The first art is a nurse, the second a mother. It is 

 based upon an observation of the Norwegian naturalist 

 Sars, who in 1864 discovered that the eggs of the cod, 



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