162 SEA FISHERIES 



old, for the fishing-grounds of to-day are still further from 

 the shore. M. Guillard himself has contributed to this 

 outward movement. On the Caudan, in 1893, he sank 

 his basket-traps at the base of the Chapel shoal, and 

 captured cod similar to those of Newfoundland. 



It is useful to recall these facts. The cry " further to 

 sea " has prevailed under the stress of economic necessi- 

 ties. It has resulted in the partial substitution of large 

 vessels for small, and in many places the sail has been 

 displaced by the steam-engine. But the movement is 

 only in its infancy. The cry " further to sea " is synony- 

 mous with " further from home/' It is a mere matter of 

 latitude and longitude ; for are not the off-shore fisheries 

 of Newfoundland, despite their proximity to land, at a 

 very great distance from the men of Fecamp ? 



In elucidating such details of oceanography as I have 

 given in the early chapters of this book and the new 

 discoveries and results which will be obtained in the 

 laboratory and by practical fishermen, naturalists will 

 find fresh fishing-grounds for exploitation. The discovery 

 of such grounds is certain, though not always a simple 

 matter, but it is simpler than the discovery of the capital 

 necessary to the profitable working of such grounds. 



M. Canu wished the French fishermen to frequent the 

 Hebrides. M. Cligny has shown us that there are fishing- 

 grounds to the north of the Faroes, and to the north of 

 Iceland, and in the British Channel. The Baie du 

 LeVrier is still waiting for the numerous trawlers for 

 which its fertility calls. The shores of the French Congo 

 are waiting for the installation of fisheries : to the north 

 of Libreville the creek of Mondah offers an asylum 

 to enormous shoals of mullet ; while Cape Lopez Bay 

 and Loango Bay are equally rich in fish. The Portu- 

 guese have commenced to fish in the neighbourhood of 



